Rig Veda 10.121.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 121, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.121
Rishi: Hiraṇyagarbha / Prajāpati (traditional)
Devata: Ka / Prajāpati
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यः प्राणतो निमिषतो महित्वैक इद्राजा जगतो बभूव । य ईशे अस्य द्विपदश्चतुष्पदः कस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥
Transliteration
yáḥ prāṇató nímīṣato mahitvā́ika íd rājā́ jágato babhū́va | yá ī́śe asyá dvípadaś cátuṣpadaḥ kásmai devā́ya havíṣā vidhema ||
Translation
هو الذي بعظمته صار الملكَ الواحدَ لكلِّ ما يتحرّك ويتنفّس ويَرمُش؛ وهو الذي يَسودُ هذا العالمَ ذي القدمين وذي الأربع: فلأيِّ إلهٍ نُقَدِّمُ الهَفِسَ (القُربان) من إرادتِنا؟
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā (सम्बन्धवाचकः; मुख्यवाक्यस्य कर्तृनिर्देशकः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (य-प्रातिपदिक, सम्बन्ध/सर्वनाम)
प्राणतःof the breathing (living being)
प्राणतः:
Adhikaraṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (सम्बन्ध-निर्देशः: ‘of the breathing [one]’)
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootप्राण् (धातु; ‘to breathe’) → प्राणत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
निमिषतःof the blinking
निमिषतः:
Adhikaraṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (सम्बन्ध-निर्देशः)
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootनिमिष् (धातु; ‘to wink/blink’) → निमिषत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
महित्वाby (his) greatness/might
महित्वा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमहित्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘greatness, might’)
एकःalone, one
एकः:
Kartā (यः…एकः…बभूव—कर्तृविशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइद्/इत् (निपात; emphatic particle)
राजाking
राजा:
Kartā (समासार्थे/वाक्ये कर्तृपदम्)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
जगतःof the world (of all that moves)
जगतः:
Adhikaraṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (राजा जगतः = ‘king of the world’)
TypeNoun
Rootजगत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘moving world/creation’)
बभूवbecame/has become
बभूव:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु; ‘to be, become’)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (य ईशे—कर्तृनिर्देशकः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
ईशेrules, is lord of
ईशे:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootईश् (धातु; ‘to rule, possess’)
अस्यof this
अस्य:
Adhikaraṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (सम्बन्धः: ‘of this [world/creation]’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
द्विपदःof the two-footed (beings)
द्विपदः:
Karma/Viśeṣaṇa (ईशे…द्विपदः—अधीनवस्तुनिर्देशः)
TypeNoun/Adjective (collective)
Rootद्विपद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘two-footed’)
चतुष्पदःof the four-footed (beings)
चतुष्पदः:
Karma/Viśeṣaṇa (ईशे…चतुष्पदः)
TypeNoun/Adjective (collective)
Rootचतुष्पद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘four-footed’)
कस्मैto which (god)?
कस्मै:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun (interrogative)
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
देवायto the god
देवाय:
Sampradāna (कस्मै देवाय—प्राप्तव्यः)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
हविषाwith oblation
हविषा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘oblation’)
विधेमmay we offer/perform
विधेम:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु; ‘to place, arrange’) + वि- (उपसर्ग) → विधा ‘to offer/perform’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.