Shloka 48

Devanagari script

ततःप्रमाथीरभसःशरभोगन्धमादनः ।।।।अमृष्यमाणाश्चत्वारश्चक्रुर्वेगंहरीश्वराः ।

Transliteration

tataḥ pramāthī rabhasaḥ śarabho gandhamādanaḥ | amṛṣyamāṇāś catvāraś cakrur vegaṃ harīśvarāḥ ||

Translation

ثم إن سادةَ القردة الأربعة—براماثي وربهاسا وشارابها وغندهمادانا—إذ لم يعودوا يحتملون، اندفعوا إلى الأمام مسرعين.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण

• प्रमाथी: Pramathi
• प्रमाथी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाथिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; proper name

• रभसः: Rabhasa
• रभसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रभस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; proper name

• शरभः: Sharabha
• शरभः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; proper name

• गन्धमादनः: Gandhamadana
• गन्धमादनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्ध + मादन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (name); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• अमृष्यमाणाः: unable to endure
• अमृष्यमाणाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृष् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्/आत्मनेपद), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; ‘not enduring’

• चत्वारः: four
• चत्वारः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन

• चक्रुः: made/put forth
• चक्रुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• वेगम्: speed/impetus
• वेगम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• हरीश्वराः: lords among the monkeys
• हरीश्वराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: हरीणाम् ईश्वराः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन

Context

Then the four monkey leaders, Pramati, Rabahasa, Sarabha, and Gandamadhana exhibited their intolerance and went quickly.

Characters & Entities

• Pramāthī
• Rabhasa
• Śarabha
• Gandhamādana
• Vanaras (harīśvarāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It presents dharmic urgency: when injustice or danger escalates, protectors act without delay to defend allies and the righteous cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Four prominent vanara leaders, stirred by intolerable circumstances in the fight, charge forward rapidly.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Protective courage and prompt initiative in support of Lakṣmaṇa’s battle.