Shloka 19

Devanagari script

इतितेनातियशसाराक्षसेनाभिचोदिताः ।।।।वानरेन्द्राजहृषिरेलाङ्गूलानि च विव्यधुः ।

Transliteration

iti tenātiyaśasā rākṣasenābhicoditāḥ |

vānarendrā jahṛṣire lāṅgūlāni ca vivyadhuḥ ||

Translation

وهكذا، إذ حثَّهم ذلك الرّاكشسا ذو الصيت الرفيع، ابتهج قادةُ الفانارا وهزّوا أذيالهم بنشاطٍ طربًا.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Prakaraṇa (प्रकरण-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• तेन: by him
• तेन: Karana/Agent-instrument (करण/तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, तृतीया एकवचन

• अतियशसा: very renowned
• अतियशसा: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati-yaśas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (अति यशः यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन; qualifies ‘राक्षसेन’

• राक्षसेन: by the Rakshasa
• राक्षसेन: Kartr/Hetu (कर्ता/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन

• अभिचोदिताः: incited
• अभिचोदिताः: Visheshana/Predicate (विशेषण/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: abhi-cud (धातु) + ita (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; passive ‘incited’

• वानरेन्द्राः: monkey-chiefs
• वानरेन्द्राः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara-indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (वानराणाम् इन्द्राः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन

• जहृषिरे: rejoiced
• जहृषिरे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद

• लाङ्गूलानि: tails
• लाङ्गूलानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lāṅgūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• विव्यधुः: shook/brandished (lit. pierced)
• विव्यधुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vyadh (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

Context

Incited by the encouraging words of Vibheeshana (Rakshasa), Vanara chiefs rejoiced and went shaking their tails.

Characters & Entities

• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Vānara leaders

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satsaṅga and right counsel strengthen dharma: encouragement from a truth-aligned ally (Vibhīṣaṇa) energizes the righteous side.

What is the narrative situation?

After Vibhīṣaṇa’s exhortation, the vānaras respond with visible joy and renewed readiness to fight.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Enthusiastic courage—joyful readiness in service of a just cause.