Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 85, Shloka 25

निकुम्भिला

यज्ञविघ्नः — Vibhishana’s Counsel and Lakshmana’s March to Nikumbhila

Devanagari script

सन्नद्धःकवचीखङ्गीसशरोवामचापभृत् ।रामपादावुपस्पृश्यहृष्टःसौमित्रिरब्रवीत् ।।6.85.25।।

Transliteration

sannaddhaḥ kavacī khaṅgī saśaro vāmacāpabhṛt |

rāmapādāv upaspṛśya hṛṣṭaḥ saumitrir abravīt ||6.85.25||

Translation

مكتملَ العُدّة—لابسًا درعَه، حاملًا سيفَه، مزوّدًا بسهامه، قابضًا على قوسه—لمس ساوميتري قدمي راما بخشوعٍ وفرح، ثم تكلّم.

Word by Word

• सन्नद्धः: fully equipped
• सन्नद्धः: कर्ता (Karta; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सन्नद्ध (कृदन्त; √नह्/नद्ध 'to bind, equip')
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) used adjectivally

• कवची: armored
• कवची: कर्ता (Karta; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कवचिन्/कवची (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (one having armor)

• खङ्गी: sword-bearing
• खङ्गी: कर्ता (Karta; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: खङ्गिन्/खङ्गी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (one having a sword)

• सशरः: with arrows
• सशरः: कर्ता (Karta; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक) + स- (उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (सह-समास/स-पूर्वपद): 'शरैः सह' = having arrows

• वामचापभृत्: bearing the bow in the left hand
• वामचापभृत्: कर्ता (Karta; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाम (प्रातिपदिक) + चाप (प्रातिपदिक) + भृत् (कृदन्त; √भृ 'to bear')
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: वाम-चापम् (left-hand bow) + भृत् (present participial/agent noun) = bearer of the left-hand bow

• रामपादौ: Rama's two feet
• रामपादौ: कर्म (Karma; object of touching)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक) + पाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), द्विवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'रामस्य पादौ'

• उपस्पृश्य: having touched
• उपस्पृश्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-√स्पृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive); 'having touched (reverentially)'

• हृष्टः: delighted
• हृष्टः: कर्ता (Karta; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृष्ट (कृदन्त; √हृष् 'to rejoice')
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) used adjectivally

• सौमित्रिः: Saumitrī (Lakshmana)
• सौमित्रिः: कर्ता (Karta; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौमित्रि (प्रातिपदिक; patronymic)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; व्यक्तिवाचक (proper noun)

• अब्रवीत्: spoke
• अब्रवीत्: क्रिया (Kriyā; main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

"On hearing Raghava's words, Lakshmana of wonderful courage took up the best of bows accompanied by Vbheeshana."

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa (Saumitri)
• Rāma
• Armor
• Sword
• Arrows
• Bow

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as maryādā (proper conduct): even in war, Lakṣmaṇa honors his elder and commander, grounding action in reverence and right relationship.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa arms himself for battle, pays respect to Rāma by touching his feet, and prepares to declare his resolve.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Devotion, humility, and disciplined readiness—courage guided by respect.