Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 86

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

रावणस्त्वब्रवीद्धृष्टोराक्षसांस्तानुपस्थितान् ।द्रष्टुमेनमिहेच्छामियथान्यायंचपूज्यताम् ।।।।

Transliteration

rāvaṇas tv abravīd dhṛṣṭo rākṣasāṃs tān upasthitān |

draṣṭum enam ihecchāmi yathā-nyāyaṃ ca pūjyatām ||

Translation

فقال رافَنا، وقد اشتدّ عزمُه، للرّاكشاسا الواقفين بين يديه: «أريد أن أراه هنا الآن؛ وليُكرَّم كما تقتضيه الأصول واللياقة».

Word by Word

• rāvaṇaḥ: Rāvaṇa
• rāvaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tu: but, then
• tu: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle) contrastive

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• hṛṣṭaḥ: delighted
• hṛṣṭaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣṭa (√hṛṣ धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'delighted' (qualifies rāvaṇaḥ)

• rākṣasān: to the rākṣasas
• rākṣasān: Karma (कर्म) (of abravīt: addressed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• tān: those
• tān: Karma (कर्म) (appositional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; refers to rākṣasān

• upasthitān: present
• upasthitān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upasthita (upa-√sthā धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; 'present/standing by' (qualifies tān)

• draṣṭum: to see
• draṣṭum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive): 'to see'

• enam: him
• enam: Karma (कर्म) (of draṣṭum)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; enclitic pronoun

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): 'here/now'

• icchāmi: I desire
• icchāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: iṣ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• yathā-nyāyam: as is proper
• yathā-nyāyam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + nyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययवत् प्रयोग: 'according to propriety'

• ca: and
• ca: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• pūjyatām: let (him) be honored
• pūjyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pūj (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): 'let (him) be honored'

Context

Ravana on his part said this to the Rakshasas feeling cheerful. "Honour him as propriety demands. I wish to see him."

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Even amid adharma, social dharma of honoring elders/kinsmen and maintaining propriety (nyāya) is asserted as a normative standard.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa receives the report and commands that Kumbhakarṇa be brought with due honors.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Adherence to maryādā (formal respect and correct procedure).