Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 64

समुद्रतट-प्रयाणम् तथा वेलावन-निवेशः

March to the Seacoast and Encampment at the Shore

Devanagari script

हरयो राघवस्यार्थे समारोपितविक्रमाः ।।6.4.63।।हर्षंवीर्य बलोद्रेकान्दर्शयन्तः परस्परम् ।यौवनोत्सेकजान्दर्पाद्विविधांश्चक्रुरध्वनि ।।6.4.64।।

Transliteration

harayo rāghavasyārthe samāropitavikramāḥ |

harṣaṁ vīrya balodrekān darśayantaḥ parasparam |

yauvanotsekajān darpād vividhāṁś cakrur adhvani ||

Translation

من أجل قضية راغهافا، مضى محاربو الفانارا قُدُمًا، يُبدون لبعضهم الفرحَ والبطولةَ وتزايدَ البأس؛ وعلى امتداد الطريق، وقد دفعتهم كبرياءٌ تنبع من حماسة الشباب، صنعوا شتّى العروض الحيوية.

Word by Word

• वकुळान्: vakula trees
• वकुळान्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vakuḷa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• तिलकान्: tilaka trees
• तिलकान्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tilaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• चूतान्: mango trees
• चूतान्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• अशोकान्: aśoka trees
• अशोकान्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• सिन्धुवारकान्: sindhuvāra trees
• सिन्धुवारकान्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sindhuvāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• करवीरान्: karavīra (oleander) trees
• करवीरान्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karavīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• तिनिशान्: tiniśa trees
• तिनिशान्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tiniśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• भजन्ति: frequent / resort to / enjoy
• भजन्ति: क्रिया (Action/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhaj (धातु) (भज्)
• Form: लट् लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• स्म: indeed / (past marker)
• स्म: कालसूचक (Tense-aspect particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: स्म-निपात (particle indicating past/continuative sense with present form)

• प्लवङ्गगमाः: the vanaras (leap-goers)
• प्लवङ्गगमाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaṅga + gama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (possessive: ‘those whose going is by leaping’ = monkeys), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (plural)

Context

For the purpose of Rama, the vanaras went showing their valour, happiness and prowess charged with emotion towards one another on the way. They showed their joy and spirit to one another exhibiting their natural youthful enthusiasm, arrogance and several other gestures.

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava (Rāma)
• Vānara-s (Harayaḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is served through united effort: personal pride and energy are sublimated into a collective mission undertaken for a righteous leader and a just objective.

What is the narrative situation?

A poetic description of the army’s spirited march; this entry appears as a duplicated/renumbered witness in the Southern Recension data stream.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage expressed as solidarity—mutual encouragement and readiness for righteous battle.