Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 30, Shloka 10

शार्दूलचरवृत्तान्तः

Saardula’s Spy-Report on Rama’s Camp and the Vanara Host

Devanagari script

हरिभिर्वध्यमानश्चयाचमानःकृताञ्जलिः ।राघवेणपरित्रातोजीवामीतियदृच्छया ।।6.30.10।।

Transliteration

vibhāgaṃ ca balaughasya nirdēśaṃ vāhanasya ca |

evam uktvā kapiśreṣṭhaḥ kathayāmāsa tattvavit ||6.3.9||

Translation

ووصف كذلك تقسيم جموع الجيش وترتيب وسائل الركوب والحمل؛ ثم بعد أن قال ذلك، شرع أفضل القردة، العارف بالحقيقة، يسرد الأمر بتفصيل.

Word by Word

• हरिभिः: by the monkeys
• हरिभिः: Kartṛ (कर्ता) (in passive, agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; agent in passive

• वध्यमानः: being beaten
• वध्यमानः: Karma (कर्म) (passive subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वध् (धातु) + यमान (शानच्, कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘being slain/beaten’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• याचमानः: begging
• याचमानः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: याच् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: कर्तरि शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘begging’

• कृताञ्जलिः: with folded palms
• कृताञ्जलिः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (कृ धातु + क्त, कृदन्त) + अञ्जलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘with folded hands’

• राघवेण: by Raghava (Rama)
• राघवेण: Kartṛ (कर्ता) (in passive, agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; agent in passive

• परित्रातः: rescued
• परित्रातः: Karma (कर्म) (passive subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-त्रा (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘rescued’

• जीवामि: I live
• जीवामि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जीव् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘I live’

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्त्यर्थक-अव्यय; quotative ‘thus’

• यदृच्छया: by chance
• यदृच्छया: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यदृच्छा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; Instrumental ‘by chance’

Context

"While smitten by the monkeys, offering salutation with folded hands, and pleading for protection from Raghava, luckily, I am alive."

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman (kapiśreṣṭha)
• Rama (implied listener)
• Army (balaugha)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in counsel is completeness and accuracy—truthful, structured information supports just decisions and reduces unnecessary suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration frames Hanuman’s systematic report, including organization of forces and logistical details.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truth-knowledge (tattvavit) and method—Hanuman’s report is orderly and reality-based.