Shloka 13

आदित्यहृदयम्

Aditya Hridayam Upadeśa — Agastya’s Instruction to Rāma

Devanagari script

व्योमनाथस्तमोभेदीऋग्यजुस्सामपारगः ।घनवृष्टिरपांमित्रोविन्ध्यवीथीप्लवङ्गमः ।।6.107.13।।

Transliteration

vyomanāthas tamobhedī ṛg-yajus-sāma-pāragaḥ |

ghanavṛṣṭir apāṃ mitro vindhya-vīthī-plavaṅgamaḥ || 6.107.13 ||

Translation

أنتَ ربُّ السماء، شاقُّ الظلمة؛ العارفُ ببلوغِ شاطئِ الرِّغ (Ṛg) واليَجُس (Yajus) والسّامان (Sāman). أنتَ مُنزلُ الغيثِ الغزير، صديقُ المياه، والمسافرُ السريعُ على دربِ فيندْهيا (Vindhya).

Word by Word

• व्योमनाथः: lord of the sky
• व्योमनाथः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्योमन् + नाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (व्योम्नः नाथः)

• तमोभेदी: splitter of darkness; dispeller of gloom
• तमोभेदी: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस् + भेदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (तमसः भेदी)

• ऋग्यजुस्सामपारगः: knower/master of the Rig, Yajus and Sāma (Vedas)
• ऋग्यजुस्सामपारगः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋच्/ऋग् + यजुस् + सामन् + पारग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समाहार/द्वन्द्व-पूर्वपदसमूह + षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ऋग्यजुस्साम्नां पारगः = वेदानां पारगः)

• घनवृष्टिः: heavy rain; rain-clouding shower
• घनवृष्टिः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घन + वृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (घना वृष्टिः)

• अपाम्: of waters
• अपाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessive-genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (अप्), षष्ठी (6th case), बहुवचन; ‘of waters’

• मित्रः: friend
• मित्रः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विन्ध्यवीथीप्लवङ्गमः: one who moves along the Vindhya path
• विन्ध्यवीथीप्लवङ्गमः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विन्ध्य + वीथी + प्लवङ्गम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (विन्ध्यस्य वीथी = विन्ध्यवीथी; तस्यां प्लवङ्गमः)

Context

"You are the Lord of the sky, dispeller of darkness, the master of the three Vedas-Rig, Yajur and Sama, the sender of rain, the friend of water and the courser of the path of Vindhya swiftly.

Characters & Entities

• Sūrya (Āditya)
• Vindhya

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is aligned with knowledge and order: light dispels darkness, and Vedic wisdom symbolizes disciplined understanding guiding right conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

Agastya praises Sūrya as cosmic sovereign and as the principle connected with Vedic mastery and life-giving rains.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Wisdom guided action: learning (śāstra-jñāna) that supports clarity and steadiness in dharmic duty.