Shloka 117

Devanagari script

ततः प्रहस्तस्य सुतं जम्बुमालिनमादिशत्।।5.58.117।।राक्षसैर्बहुभिस्सार्धं घोररूपैर्भयानकैः।

Transliteration

tataḥ prahastasya sutaṃ jambumālinam ādiśat |

rākṣasair bahubhiḥ sārdhaṃ ghorarūpair bhayānakaiḥ ||

Translation

ثم أمر (رافانا) جَمبومالين، ابنَ براهستا، أن يمضي مع كثيرٍ من الرّاكشاسا ذوي الهيئاتِ المروّعةِ المخيفة.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: काल-क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• प्रहस्तस्य: of Prahasta
• प्रहस्तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रहस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• सुतम्: son
• सुतम्: कर्म (Object; of आदिशत्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन

• जम्बुमालिनम्: Jambumali
• जम्बुमालिनम्: कर्म (Apposition to सुतम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जम्बुमालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (proper noun)

• आदिशत्: ordered/dispatched
• आदिशत्: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-दिश् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• राक्षसैः: with demons
• राक्षसैः: सहकारक/सहयोग (Accompaniment; with सार्धम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन

• बहुभिः: many
• बहुभिः: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; qualifies राक्षसैः

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: सह (Accompaniment marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (postposition/adverb), सहार्थक (meaning 'together with')

• घोररूपैः: of terrible appearance
• घोररूपैः: विशेषण (Qualifier of राक्षसैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोररूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: घोर + रूप (terrible in form)

• भयानकैः: frightening
• भयानकैः: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भयानक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; qualifies राक्षसैः

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Prahasta
• Jambumālin
• rākṣasāḥ

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights how adharma tends to answer moral warning with force; dharma teaches restraint and right counsel rather than intimidation.

What is the narrative situation?

On hearing of defeats, Rāvaṇa dispatches a named commander (Jambumālin) with a large, fearsome contingent.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

For Hanumān, steadiness under intimidation; for Rāvaṇa’s side, reliance on fear rather than righteousness.