Shloka 113

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

तच्छ्रुत्वा राक्षसेन्द्रेण विसृष्टा भृशदुर्जयाः।राक्षसाः किङ्करा नाम रावणस्य मनोनुगाः।।।।

Transliteration

tac chrutvā rākṣasendreṇa visṛṣṭā bhṛśa-durjayāḥ | rākṣasāḥ kiṅkarā nāma rāvaṇasya manonugāḥ ||

Translation

فلما سمع ذلك، أرسل سيّدُ الرّاكشاسا رَاكشاسا يُدعون «كِنكارا»؛ أشدّاءَ عُسْرَ الغَلَبة، منقادين لإرادةِ رافانا.

Word by Word

• तत्: that (report)
• तत्: कर्म (Karma/Object; of श्रुत्वा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)

• राक्षसेन्द्रेण: by the demon-lord
• राक्षसेन्द्रेण: कर्ता (Agent; instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षसेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: राक्षसानाम् + इन्द्र (lord of demons)

• विसृष्टाः: sent forth
• विसृष्टाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-सृज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

• भृशदुर्जयाः: highly invincible
• भृशदुर्जयाः: विशेषण (Qualifier of राक्षसाः/किङ्कराः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भृशदुर्जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: भृशम् + दुर्जय (exceedingly + hard-to-conquer)

• राक्षसाः: demons
• राक्षसाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

• किङ्कराः: servants/attendants
• किङ्कराः: कर्ता (Apposition to राक्षसाः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किङ्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• नाम: by name/called
• नाम: निपात (Naming particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), नाम-निपात (quotative: 'called')

• रावणस्य: of Ravana
• रावणस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• मनोनुगाः: following his wishes/knowing his mind
• मनोनुगाः: विशेषण (Qualifier of किङ्कराः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मनोनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: मनस् + अनुग (following the mind)

Context

"Ravana, lord of the demons having heard (the ogresses) sent invincible ogres called kinkaras who know his mind.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Kiṅkaras (Rāvaṇa’s servants/guards)
• rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Service (sevā) is ethically neutral unless aligned with dharma: the Kiṅkaras’ loyalty to an adharmic ruler becomes an instrument of injustice.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa responds to the report by sending a formidable contingent of his own attendants/guards to capture or kill the intruder.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s readiness to face escalating opposition; and, on the opposing side, disciplined obedience (though in service of adharma).