Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 15

अभिज्ञानमणि

प्रदानम् — The Signet Jewel as Proof and the Consolation of Sita

Devanagari script

न हि पश्यामि मर्त्येषु नासुरेषु सुरेषु वा।यस्तस्य क्षिपतो बाणान्स्थातुमुत्सहतेऽग्रतः।।।।

Transliteration

na hi paśyāmi martyeṣu nāsureṣu sureṣu vā | yas tasya kṣipato bāṇān sthātum utsahate 'grataḥ ||

Translation

لا أرى أحدًا—لا بين البشر، ولا بين الأسورا، ولا حتى بين الديفا—يجرؤ أن يقف أمامه حين يطلق سهامه.

Word by Word

• kṣipram: quickly
• kṣipram: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kṣipra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: 'quickly')

• eṣyati: will come
• eṣyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: i (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• kākutsthaḥ: Kakutstha (Rama)
• kākutsthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kākutstha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• hāri-ṛkṣa-pravaraiḥ: with the foremost monkeys and bears
• hāri-ṛkṣa-pravaraiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hāri + ṛkṣa + pravara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (हरयश्च ऋक्षाश्च); पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), बहुवचन (plural)

• vṛtaḥ: surrounded
• vṛtaḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛ (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (relative pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• te: your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (singular)

• yudhi: in battle
• yudhi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yudh (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative, 7th), एकवचन (singular)

• vijitya: having conquered
• vijitya: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-ji (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), 'having conquered'

• arīn: enemies
• arīn: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), बहुवचन (plural)

• śokam: grief
• śokam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• vyapanayiṣyati: will remove
• vyapanayiṣyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-apa-nī (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद, णिच्-प्रयोग (causative: 'will cause to go away')

Context

"I do not see any one among humans or demons or even among gods who can face his arrows when released.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sītā
• Rāma
• Gods (Sura)
• Humans (Martya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here underscores moral force: when power is aligned with righteousness, it becomes an unconquerable protection against wrongdoing.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān heightens Sītā’s confidence by describing Rāma’s unmatched martial prowess.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s invincible courage and competence in defending dharma.