Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 13, Shloka 26

रावणभवनपरिक्रमणं हनूमतः शोकविचारश्च

Hanuman’s Circuit of Ravana’s Palace and the Crisis of Deliberation

Devanagari script

विनष्टौ भ्रातरौ श्रुत्वा भरतोऽपि मरिष्यति।।।।भरतं च मृतं दृष्ट्वा शत्रुघ्नो न भविष्यति।

Transliteration

vinaṣṭau bhrātarau śrutvā bharato 'pi mariṣyati | bharataṁ ca mṛtaṁ dṛṣṭvā śatrughno na bhaviṣyati ||

Translation

إذا سمع بهلاك الأخوين كليهما، فإن بهاراتا سيموت أيضًا؛ وإذا رأى بهاراتا ميتًا، فلن يبقى شترغنا حيًّا.

Word by Word

• विनष्टौ: perished
• विनष्टौ: विशेषण
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + √नश् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; भ्रातरौ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• भ्रातरौ: the two brothers
• भ्रातरौ: कर्म (Object of श्रुत्वा; 'hearing [that] the two brothers...')
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• भरतः: Bharata
• भरतः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: समुच्चय (Additive particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-अव्यय (also/even)

• मरिष्यति: will die
• मरिष्यति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• भरतम्: Bharata
• भरतम्: कर्म (Object of दृष्ट्वा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• मृतम्: dead
• मृतम्: विशेषण
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मृ (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; भरतम् इत्यस्य विशेषण

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• शत्रुघ्नः: Shatrughna
• शत्रुघ्नः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रुघ्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• भविष्यति: will survive/be
• भविष्यति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Context

"On hearing the death of both the brothers Bharata will also die. On seeing this Satrughna will also not live.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Śatrughna
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Family-dharma and solidarity: the verse portrays how righteous bonds in a royal family make each life morally and emotionally interconnected.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān imagines the news of Rāma-Lakṣmaṇa’s death spreading to Ayodhyā and causing further deaths.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fraternal loyalty—Bharata and Śatrughna’s lives are depicted as inseparable from their brothers.