Shloka 28

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

दात्यूहरतिविक्रन्दैः पुंस्कोकिलरुतैरपि।स्वनन्ति पादपाश्चेमे ममानङ्गप्रदीपनाः।।।।

Transliteration

dātyūha-rati-vikrandaiḥ puṁs-kokila-rutair api |

svananti pādapāś ceme mamānaṅga-pradīpanāḥ ||

Translation

وهذه الأشجارُ تُدوّي بنداءاتِ العشقِ لطائرِ الداتْيُوها، وبأصواتِ ذكورِ الكوكِلا أيضًا؛ أصواتٌ تُوقِدُ فيّ كاما، إلهَ الهوى.

Word by Word

• dātyūha-rati-vikrandaiḥ: by the love-cries of swamphens
• dātyūha-rati-vikrandaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dātyūha (प्रातिपदिक) + rati (प्रातिपदिक) + vikranda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (तृतीया/3rd), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: dātyūhānāṃ rati-vikrandaiḥ (by the amorous cries of swamphens)

• puṃs-kokila-rutaiḥ: by male-cuckoo calls
• puṃs-kokila-rutaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puṃs (प्रातिपदिक) + kokila (प्रातिपदिक) + ruta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (तृतीया/3rd), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: puṃsāṃ kokilānāṃ rutaiḥ (by the calls of male cuckoos)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha/Avadhāraṇa (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle (निपात) meaning 'also/even'

• svananti: make sound, resound
• svananti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √svan (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष/3rd person), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); parasmaipada

• pādapāḥ: trees
• pādapāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pādapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)

• ime: these
• ime: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to pādapāḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); sarvanāma

• mama: my/to me
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī (षष्ठी/6th, genitive), Ekavacana (एकवचन); sarvanāma

• anaṅga-pradīpanāḥ: kindling passion
• anaṅga-pradīpanāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of pādapāḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anaṅga (प्रातिपदिक) + pradīpana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: anaṅgaṃ pradīpayanti iti (kindling passion)

Context

These trees seem to enkindle my passion through all sorts of sounds like the loud cackle of swamp-hens and the sweet warble of the male cuckoos.

Characters & Entities

• trees (pādapāḥ)
• kokila (cuckoo)
• Anaṅga/Manmatha (Kama)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma involves governance of desire: the world may stimulate passion, but the righteous person recognizes these forces and does not let them overthrow duty and truth.

What is the narrative situation?

In springtime near Pampā, natural sounds intensify Rāma’s longing; he confides this to Lakṣmaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Honest self-awareness (satya toward oneself): Rāma truthfully names the rise of desire and grief rather than masking it.