Shloka 24

भरतस्य कैकेय्याः प्रति धिक्कारः

Bharata’s Rebuke of Kaikeyi and Affirmation of Ikshvaku Royal Dharma

Devanagari script

तवापि सुमहाभागा जनेन्द्राः कुलपूर्वगाः।बुद्धेर्मोहः कथमयं सम्भूतस्त्वयि गर्हितः।।।।

Transliteration

tavāpi sumahābhāgā janendrāḥ kulapūrvagāḥ |

buddher mohaḥ katham ayaṃ sambhūtas tvayi garhitaḥ ||

Translation

حتى في سلالتك أنت، كان الملوكُ أسلافُك من ذوي الشرف العظيم. فكيف نشأ في عقلك هذا الوهمُ المذموم؟

Word by Word

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि-अर्थ (also/even)

• सु-महा-भागाः: highly fortunate/distinguished
• सु-महा-भागाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (अव्यय) + महा (प्रातिपदिक) + भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masc), प्रथमा-बहुवचन (Nom Pl); विशेषण; समासः: सुमहांश्च भागः येषाम्/सुमहाभागः (very fortunate/distinguished)

• जन-इन्द्राः: kings
• जन-इन्द्राः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-बहुवचन; समासः: जनानाम् इन्द्राः (lords of people, kings)

• कुल-पूर्व-गाः: ancestors/forebears
• कुल-पूर्व-गाः: Apposition (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुल (प्रातिपदिक) + पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + ग (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √गम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-बहुवचन; समासः: कुले पूर्वं गताः (those who went before in the lineage = ancestors)

• बुद्धेः: of the mind/intellect
• बुद्धेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Fem), षष्ठी-एकवचन (Gen Sg)

• मोहः: delusion
• मोहः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन (Nom Sg)

• कथम्: how
• कथम्: Prashna (प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• सम्भूतः: arisen
• सम्भूतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-भू (धातु) → सम्भूत (कृदन्त)
• Form: कर्तरि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Active Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; (has) arisen/originated

• त्वयि: in you
• त्वयि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• गर्हितः: censured/blameworthy
• गर्हितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गर्ह् (धातु) → गर्हित (कृदन्त)
• Form: कर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle) विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘censured/blameworthy’ (agreeing with मोहः)

Context

Even the kings in your ancestral family were highly distinguished men. How did this condemnable deflection originate in your mind?

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kaikeyī

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma requires clear judgment; moha that distorts judgment is condemned because it leads to unrighteous choices and social harm.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata contrasts Kaikeyī’s present conduct with the nobility of her own ancestors, questioning the source of her moral lapse.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to moral discernment (viveka) and critique of delusion (moha).