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Valmiki Ramayana 2.57.3Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 57, Shloka 3

सप्तपञ्चाशः सर्गः

Sumantra’s Return to Ayodhya and the Palace’s Lament

अनुज्ञातस्सुमन्त्रोऽथ योजयित्वा हयोत्तमान्।अयोध्यामेव नगरीं प्रययौ गाढदुर्मनाः।।।।

anujñātaḥ sumantro ’tha yojayitvā hayottamān | ayodhyām eva nagarīṃ prayayau gāḍhadurmanāḥ ||

فلما أُذِنَ له بالانصراف، شدَّ سومانترَةُ خيرةَ الخيل، ومضى إلى مدينة أيودهيا، وقلبُه مثقلٌ بالحزن العميق.

अनुज्ञातःpermitted
अनुज्ञातः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanu + jñā (ज्ञा-धातु, क्त; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; कर्तृविशेषण (having been permitted)
सुमन्त्रःSumantra
सुमन्त्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsumantra (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अथthen
अथ:
Kala (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/अनन्तरार्थक (then/after that)
योजयित्वाhaving harnessed
योजयित्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootyuj (युज्-धातु, णिच्)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having yoked/harnessed)
हय-उत्तमान्the best horses
हय-उत्तमान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothaya + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (उत्तमाः हयाः)
अयोध्याम्to Ayodhya
अयोध्याम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootayodhyā (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म/गति), एकवचन
एवindeed / just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक (emphatic particle)
नगरीम्city
नगरीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnagarī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अयोध्याम् इति विशेष्यस्य अप्पोजिशन (apposition)
प्रययौset out / went
प्रययौ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + yā (या-धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
गाढ-दुर्मनाःdeeply dejected
गाढ-दुर्मनाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootgāḍha + durmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (गाढं दुर्मनाः)

Permitted by Rama to leave, Sumantra harnessed the best of horses and set out for the city of Ayodhya with a heavy heart.

S
Sumantra
A
Ayodhya
H
Horses (hayottamāḥ)
R
Rama (permission implied by context)

FAQs

Duty performed despite personal pain: Sumantra obeys instructions and completes his service, even while grieving.

After leaving Rama in the forest, Sumantra prepares the chariot and returns to Ayodhya to report what happened.

Sumantra’s steadfast responsibility and loyalty as a royal servant.

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