Valmiki Ramayana 2.53.15 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 53, Shloka 15

पञ्चाशत्तमः सर्गः (Sarga 53)

Rāma’s Lament, Vigil for Sītā, and Lakṣmaṇa’s Consolation

Devanagari script

अपीदानीं तु कैकेयी सौभाग्यमदमोहिता।कौसल्यां च सुमित्रां च सम्प्रबाधेत मत्कृते।।।।

Transliteration

apīdānīṃ tu kaikeyī saubhāgya-mada-mohitā | kausalyāṃ ca sumitrāṃ ca samprabādheta mat-kṛte ||2.53.15||

Translation

أفلا تُعذِّبُ كايكَيِي الآن—وقد أضلّها سُكرُ حُسنِ حظّها—كوساليا وسوميترا بسببي؟

Word by Word

• अपि: perhaps
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावनार्थक/अपि (even/also; here: ‘perhaps’)

• इदानीम्: now
• इदानीम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इदानीम् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक निपात (but/indeed)

• कैकेयी: Kaikeyi
• कैकेयी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कैकेयी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सौभाग्यमदमोहिता: deluded by the intoxication of good fortune
• सौभाग्यमदमोहिता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सौभाग्य + मद + मोहित (प्रातिपदिकाः)
• Form: समास (बहुपद-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-प्रायः: सौभाग्येन मदेन च मोहिता); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• कौसल्याम्: Kausalya
• कौसल्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• सुमित्राम्: Sumitra
• सुमित्राम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• सम्प्रबाधेत: might torment
• सम्प्रबाधेत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + प्र + बाध् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• मत्कृते: because of me
• मत्कृते: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मत् (अस्मद्-सम्बन्धी) + कृते
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (मत् + कृते); ‘कृते’ सप्तमी-एकवचन, हेत्वर्थे (for my sake/because of me)

Context

Intoxicated with her good fortune will not Kaikeyi torment Kausalya and Sumitra for my sake?

Characters & Entities

• Kaikeyī
• Kausalyā
• Sumitrā
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes protection of the vulnerable and reverence for elders; pride born of power (mada) leads to adharma when it turns into cruelty toward co-wives and mothers.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma worries that Kaikeyī, emboldened by success, may further persecute Kausalyā and Sumitrā in his absence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s filial concern and empathy—he thinks not only of his own suffering but of the suffering his mothers may face.