Shloka 19

Devanagari script

अस्मद्व्यपेक्षान् सौमित्रे निरपेक्षान् गृहेष्वपि।वृक्षमूलेषु संसुप्तान् पश्य लक्ष्मण साम्प्रतम्।।2.46.19।।

Transliteration

asmad-vyapekṣān saumitre nirapekṣān gṛheṣv api | vṛkṣa-mūleṣu saṁsuptān paśya lakṣmaṇa sāmpratam ||2.46.19||

Translation

يا ساوميتري، انظر الآن يا لاكشمانا: إن هؤلاء القوم، من فرط عنايتهم بنا، قد زهدوا حتى في بيوتهم، وناموا عند أصول الأشجار.

Word by Word

• अस्मद्व्यपेक्षान्: dependent on us / attached to us
• अस्मद्व्यपेक्षान्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अस्मद् + व्यपेक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: अस्मद्-व्यपेक्ष (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘अस्माकं व्यपेक्षा येषाम्’); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (पौरान्/जनान् implied)

• सौमित्रे: O son of Sumitra
• सौमित्रे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौमित्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

• निरपेक्षान्: indifferent/unconcerned
• निरपेक्षान्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निरपेक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (तान्/जनान् implied)

• गृहेषु: in (their) homes
• गृहेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• अपि: even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अपि = ‘even/also’ (particle)

• वृक्षमूलेषु: at the roots of trees
• वृक्षमूलेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: वृक्षस्य मूलम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• संसुप्तान्: fast asleep
• संसुप्तान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-स्वप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (तान्/जनान् implied)

• पश्य: see
• पश्य: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन

• लक्ष्मण: O Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मण: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

• साम्प्रतम्: now/at present
• साम्प्रतम्: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साम्प्रतम् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-नपुंसक)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

Context

O Lakshmana, son of Sumitra! look at these people, fast alseep under the trees. Out of affection for us, they are even indifferent to their home.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana (Saumitri)
• trees

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of empathy and royal responsibility: Rama recognizes the citizens’ hardship and loyalty, implying a ruler must not ignore the suffering people endure on his account.

What is the narrative situation?

At dawn near the Tamasa, Rama points out to Lakshmana that the followers have slept outdoors under trees because of their attachment to him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Compassionate awareness: Rama’s sensitivity to the people’s sacrifices.