Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 33, Shloka 26

त्रयस्त्रिंशः सर्गः

Civic Lament and Rama’s Dutiful Approach to Daśaratha

Devanagari script

इत्येवं विविधा वाचो नानाजनसमीरिताः।शुश्राव रामः श्रुत्वा च न विचक्रेऽस्य मानसम्।।।।

Transliteration

ity evaṃ vividhā vāco nānājanasamīritāḥ | śuśrāva rāmaḥ śrutvā ca na vicakre 'sya mānasam ||

Translation

وهكذا سمع راما كلماتٍ شتّى قالها أناسٌ مختلفون؛ ومع ذلك، حتى بعد سماعها، لم يَحِدْ قلبُه عن عزمه.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वय-निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• वेश्म: palace/house
• वेश्म: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेश्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पितुः: of (his) father
• पितुः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• दूरात्: from afar
• दूरात्: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पञ्चमी-अर्थे अव्ययीभाववत्; अव्यय, अपादानार्थक (from a distance)

• कैलास-शिखर-प्रभम्: splendid like Kailasa's peak
• कैलास-शिखर-प्रभम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कैलास (प्रातिपदिक) + शिखर (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (वेश्म); 'having the splendor of Kailasa's peak'

• अभिचक्राम: approached/went to
• अभिचक्राम: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• धर्मात्मा: the righteous-souled one
• धर्मात्मा: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to सः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: 'whose self is dharma'

• मत्त-मातङ्ग-विक्रमः: one with the prowess of a maddened elephant
• मत्त-मातङ्ग-विक्रमः: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to सः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्त (प्रातिपदिक) + मातङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + विक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण-समास used as epithet: 'having the stride/valor of an intoxicated elephant'

Context

The rich climbed their palaces and mansions, terraces of seven-storied buildings and watched them sadly.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Ayodhyā citizens (implicit)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Steadfastness in dharma: Rāma does not let public opinion or emotional appeals divert him from what he understands as righteous duty.

What is the narrative situation?

After hearing many lamenting or varied remarks from the people, Rāma continues forward without changing his decision.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dhṛti (firmness) and satya-niṣṭhā (commitment to truth/duty) in Rāma’s inner life.