Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 15, Shloka 23

अभिषेकसज्जा तथा सुमन्त्रस्य प्रेषणम्

Coronation Preparations and Sumantra’s Commission

Devanagari script

गता भगवती रात्रिरहः शिवमुपस्थितम्।।2.15.23।।बुद्ध्यस्व नृपशार्दूल कुरु कार्यमनन्तरम्।

Transliteration

gatā bhagavatī rātrir ahaḥ śivam upasthitam || 2.15.23 ||

buddhyasva nṛpaśārdūla kuru kāryam anantaram |

Translation

لقد مضت الليلة المباركة، وحضر النهار الميمون. فاستيقظ يا نمرَ الملوك، وبادر إلى أداء ما يلي من الواجب.

Word by Word

• गता: has gone; has passed
• गता: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग (as predicate)

• भगवती: holy; venerable
• भगवती: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying rātriḥ)

• रात्रिः: night
• रात्रिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अहः: day
• अहः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• शिवम्: auspicious
• शिवम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ahaḥ)

• उपस्थितम्: has arrived; is present
• उपस्थितम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; उपसर्ग: उप-

• बुद्ध्यस्व: wake up; become aware
• बुद्ध्यस्व: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• नृपशार्दूल: O tiger among kings
• नृपशार्दूल: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप + शार्दूल (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (नृपः शार्दूल इव)

• कुरु: do; perform
• कुरु: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• कार्यम्: the task; duty
• कार्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √कृ)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (that which is to be done)

• अनन्तरम्: immediate; without delay
• अनन्तरम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying kāryam)

Context

The holy night has passed and the auspicious day has arrived. O tiger among kings, awaken and attend to your duties.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha (nṛpaśārdūla)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rajadharma requires vigilance and timely action: a ruler must rise and perform duties when the auspicious time arrives.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra announces dawn and urges the king to wake and proceed with the day’s royal obligations.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Responsibility and promptness—fitness to rule is shown by readiness to act for the common good.