Valmiki Ramayana 2.114.30 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 114, Shloka 30

अयोध्याप्रवेशः

Bharata Enters Ayodhya and Perceives the City’s Desolation

Devanagari script

तरुणैश्चारुवेषैश्च नरैरुन्नतगामिभिः। सम्पतद्भिरयोध्यायां नाभिभान्ति महापथाः।।2.114.30।।

Transliteration

taruṇaiś cāruveṣaiś ca narair unnatagāmibhiḥ |

sampatadbhir ayodhyāyāṁ nābhibhānti mahāpathāḥ ||2.114.30||

Translation

لم تعد طرق أيودھيا العظمى تتلألأ بجماعات السائرين: شبّانًا وغيرهم في حُلَلٍ بهيّة، يمشون بخطى شامخة واثقة.

Word by Word

• taruṇaiḥ: by young men
• taruṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: taruṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; instrumental of agency/means

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• cāru-veṣaiḥ: elegantly dressed
• cāru-veṣaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: cāru (प्रातिपदिक) + veṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya ‘cāruḥ veṣaḥ’; Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; qualifying naraiḥ/taruṇaiḥ

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• naraiḥ: by men
• naraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; instrumental

• unnata-gāmibhiḥ: with lofty gait
• unnata-gāmibhiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: unnata (प्रातिपदिक) + gāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa/Karmadhāraya sense ‘unnatena gāmin’ (moving with elevated gait); Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; qualifying naraiḥ

• sampatadbhiḥ: converging/assembling
• sampatadbhiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-pad (धातु)
• Form: Śatṛ present active participle (वर्तमानकाले शतृ) from sam-√pad ‘to come together/arrive’; Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; qualifying naraiḥ

• ayodhyāyām: in Ayodhyā
• ayodhyāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ayodhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation (प्रतिषेध)

• abhibhānti: shine
• abhibhānti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhā (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana; parasmaipada; with prefix abhi-; √bhā ‘to shine’

• mahā-pathāḥ: highways
• mahā-pathāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + patha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya ‘mahāntaḥ pathāḥ’; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; subject of abhibhānti

Context

The highways of Ayodhya thronged with groups of elegantly attired young men or adults with their majestic gait, do not shine.

Characters & Entities

• Ayodhya
• Bharata
• Rama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It suggests that social vitality follows dharma: when the righteous order is shaken, public life withdraws; outward brilliance (dress, movement, gatherings) fades without inner moral confidence.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata observes the absence of bustling, well-dressed crowds on Ayodhya’s main roads after Rama’s departure.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The people’s restraint and seriousness—choosing sobriety over display while Rama is in hardship.