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Shloka 41

Narmadā

Revā) Tīrtha Greatness: The Gandharva Maidens’ Curse Narrative (Acchodā Episode Begins

तावदेव तपसः प्रगल्भता तावदेव शमसेवनं नृणाम् । यावदेव ललनेक्षणा स वैर्माद्यते द्रुतमदैर्न पूरुषः

tāvadeva tapasaḥ pragalbhatā tāvadeva śamasevanaṃ nṛṇām | yāvadeva lalanekṣaṇā sa vairmādyate drutamadairna pūruṣaḥ

لا تدوم جرأةُ الرجل في التقشّف والتنسّك إلا إلى ذلك الحدّ، ولا تدوم ممارستُه لضبط النفس إلا إلى ذلك الحدّ—ما دام نظرُ المرأة لا يزعزعه؛ فإذا سكر سريعًا بالشهوة لم يعد حقًّا سيّدَ نفسه.

tāvatso long
tāvat:
None (अकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottāvat (अव्यय)
FormAdverbial indeclinable — 'so long'
evaonly
eva:
None (अकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle — 'only/indeed'
tapasaḥof austerity
tapasaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन) — 'of austerity'
pragalbhatāpower/force
pragalbhatā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, implied 'asti')
TypeNoun
Rootpragalbha (प्रातिपदिक) + -tā (भावप्रत्यय)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) — 'boldness/strength'
tāvatso long
tāvat:
None (अकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottāvat (अव्यय)
FormAdverbial indeclinable — 'so long'
evaonly
eva:
None (अकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle — 'only/indeed'
śama-sevanampractice of calmness
śama-sevanam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, implied 'asti')
TypeNoun
Rootśama (प्रातिपदिक) + sevana (प्रातिपदिक; from √sev सेव्)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) — 'practice of tranquility/self-control'
nṛṇāmof men
nṛṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन) — 'of men'
yāvatas long as
yāvat:
None (अकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyāvat (अव्यय/सर्वनाम-शब्द)
FormCorrelative adverb (यावत्-तावत्) — 'as long as'
evaindeed
eva:
None (अकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle — 'indeed/only'
lalanā-īkṣaṇāa woman's glance
lalanā-īkṣaṇā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, in correlative clause)
TypeNoun
Rootlalanā (प्रातिपदिक) + īkṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) — 'the look/glance of a woman'
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) — 'he/that man'
vaiindeed
vai:
None (अकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय) — 'indeed/verily'
mādyateis intoxicated
mādyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootmad (धातु; √mad मद्)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद) — 'becomes intoxicated/deluded'
druta-madaiḥby quick passions
druta-madaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootdruta (प्रातिपदिक) + mada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन) — 'by swift/quick intoxicants (passions)'
nanot
na:
None (अकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय) — 'not'
pūruṣaḥa man
pūruṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement; 'not (a true) man')
TypeNoun
Rootpūruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) — 'man/person'

Not explicitly identifiable from the single verse (context needed from surrounding verses).

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes: tāvadeva → tāvat + eva; yāvadeva → yāvat + eva; lalanekṣaṇā → lalanā-īkṣaṇā; vairmādyate in source read as vai + mādyate.

FAQs

It warns that austerity (tapas) and calm self-restraint (śama) are tested by sensual temptation; without mastery over desire, one’s spiritual discipline can quickly collapse.

Śama is inner quietude and self-governance. The verse suggests śama is not merely claimed in isolation but proven when one remains steady amid provoking sights and desires.

The verse uses the ‘glance of a woman’ as a conventional example of temptation; its ethical focus is the practitioner’s vulnerability to desire and the need for disciplined perception and restraint.