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Shloka 44

The Description of Kāśī (Kāśī-māhātmya): Avimukta, Kapālamocana, and Śiva’s Purification

Devanagari script

अघहर रघुनाथ यादवेश प्रियभूदेव परात्परामरेज्य । हलधर दुरितापह प्रणम्य त्रिगुणव्याप्त जगत्त्रिकालदक्ष ॥ ४४ ॥

Transliteration

aghahara raghunātha yādaveśa priyabhūdeva parātparāmarejya | haladhara duritāpaha praṇamya triguṇavyāpta jagattrikāladakṣa || 44 ||

Translation

أنحني لك—يا مُزيلَ الإثم؛ يا راغهوناثا، سيّدَ سلالة راغهو؛ يا ملكَ اليادافا؛ يا محبوبَ الأرض والآلهة؛ يا أسمى من كلّ أسمى، المستحقَّ لعبادة الخالدين؛ يا حاملَ المحراث؛ يا دافعَ الشقاء—يا من يسري في الغونات الثلاث، والماهرَ في تدبير الكون عبر الأزمنة الثلاثة.

Word by Word
agha-haraO remover of sin
agha-hara:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootagha (प्रातिपदिक) + hara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (‘अघं हरति’ इति); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
raghu-nāthaO lord of the Raghu line
raghu-nātha:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootraghu (प्रातिपदिक) + nātha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
yādava-īśaO lord of the Yādavas
yādava-īśa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootyādava (प्रातिपदिक) + īśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
priya-bhū-devaO beloved Bhūdeva (deity of Earth / dear to the earth)
priya-bhū-deva:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootpriya (प्रातिपदिक) + bhū (प्रातिपदिक) + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: कर्मधारय (‘प्रियः भूदेवः’); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
parāt-para-amara-ijyaO one beyond the beyond, worshipped by the immortals
parāt-para-amara-ijya:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeAdjective
Rootparāt (अव्यय/उपपद) + para (प्रातिपदिक) + amara (प्रातिपदिक) + ijya (कृदन्त; √yaj यज्, यत्/ण्यत् ‘worthy of worship’)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (‘परात् परः’ + ‘अमरैः इज्यः’); ‘ijya’ = कर्मणि कृदन्त ‘worship-worthy’. पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन/प्रथमा, एकवचन
hala-dharaO plough-bearer
hala-dhara:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roothala (प्रातिपदिक) + dhara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (‘हलम् धरति’); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
durita-apahaO remover of misfortune
durita-apaha:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdurita (प्रातिपदिक) + apaha (प्रातिपदिक; from √hā हा with apa-, ‘remover’)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (‘दुरितं अपहन्ति’); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
praṇamyahaving bowed
praṇamya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√nam नम् (धातु) with pra-; praṇamya (ल्यप्/क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय)
Formक्त्वा/ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund): ‘having bowed’
tri-guṇa-vyāptaO one pervading the three guṇas
tri-guṇa-vyāpta:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + vyāpta (कृदन्त; √āp आप् with vi-, क्त)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष; ‘vyāpta’ = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘pervaded’. पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन/प्रथमा, एकवचन
jagat-tri-kāla-dakṣaO one skilled regarding the world across the three times
jagat-tri-kāla-dakṣa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat (प्रातिपदिक) + tri (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक) + dakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (‘जगत्’ + ‘त्रिकाले दक्षः’); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
Speaker

Narada (stotra-style invocation within the Uttara-Bhaga narrative)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
R
Rama
K
Krishna
B
Balarama
D
Devas
B
Bhumi (Earth)

FAQs

It functions as a concentrated Vishnu-stuti: by invoking Hari through Rama–Krishna–Balarama epithets, the verse emphasizes pāpa-kṣaya (destruction of sin) and refuge in the Lord who pervades all guṇas and governs time itself.

Bhakti here is practiced as nāma-smaraṇa and praṇāma—reverent remembrance and surrender—trusting that the Lord who is “duritāpaha” removes inner and outer obstacles for the devotee.

No specific Vedāṅga technique is taught; the practical takeaway is stotra-recitation (mantra-like praise) as a devotional discipline, aligned with Purāṇic prayoga for pāpa-śamana and auspiciousness.

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