Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 99

Dvādaśī-vrata: Month-by-month Viṣṇu Worship and the Year-End Udyāpana

Devanagari script

जितनिद्रो भवेत्सम्यक्सोपवासो जितेन्द्रियः । त्रिकालमर्चयेद्देवं यथाविभवविस्तरम् ॥ ९९ ॥

Transliteration

jitanidro bhavetsamyaksopavāso jitendriyaḥ | trikālamarcayeddevaṃ yathāvibhavavistaram || 99 ||

Translation

ينبغي أن يقهر النعاس، ويؤدي الصوم (أوبافاسا) على وجهه الصحيح، ويكبح الحواس. ثلاث مرات في اليوم يعبد الربّ، موسِّعًا العبادة بحسب الوسع والقدرة.

Word by Word

• जित-निद्रः: one who has conquered sleep
• जित-निद्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (कृदन्त; √जि धातु) + निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘जिता निद्रा येन’ (sleep conquered); Nominative singular

• भवेत्: should be
• भवेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘should be/become’

• सम्यक्: properly
• सम्यक्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्यक् (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• स-उपवासः: observing a fast
• स-उपवासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + उपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘उपवासयुक्तः’ (with fasting); Nominative singular

• जित-इन्द्रियः: self-controlled (having conquered the senses)
• जित-इन्द्रियः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (कृदन्त; √जि धातु) + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘जितानि इन्द्रियाणि येन’ (senses conquered); Nominative singular

• त्रि-कालम्: three times a day
• त्रि-कालम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण; ‘त्रिषु कालेषु’ (at the three times)

• अर्चयेत्: should worship
• अर्चयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘should worship’

• देवम्: the deity
• देवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular

• यथा-विभव-विस्तरम्: according to one’s capacity (with due elaboration)
• यथा-विभव-विस्तरम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + विभव (प्रातिपदिक) + विस्तार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण; ‘विभवानुसारं विस्तरेण’ (according to one’s means, in detail)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Deva (the Lord, implicitly Vishnu/Narayana)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It defines the inner and outer discipline of sādhana: mastery over sleep and senses, supported by proper fasting, culminating in regular tri-kāla worship that purifies the mind and stabilizes devotion.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is presented as consistent, rhythmic worship of the Lord—three times daily—grounded in restraint (jitendriya) and simplicity, with offerings scaled to one’s capacity rather than display.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual timing and daily observance are emphasized (tri-kāla), reflecting practical kalpa-style discipline—how to structure worship through regulated times, fasting rules, and proportionate ritual elaboration.