Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 114

Graha–Ketu–Utpāta Lakṣaṇas: Solar/Lunar Omens, Comets, Eclipses, and Calendar Rules

Devanagari script

तत्तन्मासैर्द्वादशभिस्तत्तदष्टौ भवेत्ततः । गुरुमध्यमचारेण षष्ट्यब्दाः प्रभवादयः ॥ ११४ ॥

Transliteration

tattanmāsairdvādaśabhistattadaṣṭau bhavettataḥ | gurumadhyamacāreṇa ṣaṣṭyabdāḥ prabhavādayaḥ || 114 ||

Translation

من تلك الأقسام تتكوّن السنة من اثني عشر شهرًا؛ ثم وفق الحساب نفسه تتكوّن بعد ذلك ثمانية (أعوام) من ذلك النمط. وبحسب الحركة المتوسطة لغورو (المشتري) توجد ستون سنة تبدأ بـ«برابهافا».

Word by Word

• तत्-तत्: each respective
• तत्-तत्: विशेषण (distributive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (as distributive), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (distributive: each)

• मासैः: by months
• मासैः: करण (Instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), बहुवचन

• द्वादशभिः: by twelve
• द्वादशभिः: विशेषण (numerical qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वादश (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषण (qualifying मासैः)

• तत्-तत्: each respective
• तत्-तत्: विशेषण (distributive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (distributive), एकवचन

• अष्टौ: eight
• अष्टौ: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अष्टन् (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (प्रायः) पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; संख्या

• भवेत्: would be/comes to be
• भवेत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• ततः: thereafter, from that
• ततः: सम्बन्ध (sequence marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (from that/thereafter)

• गुरु: Jupiter (Guru)
• गुरु: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी/षष्ठी-समासपूर्वपद (in compound)

• मध्यम: middle/mean
• मध्यम: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, समासमध्यपद; विशेषण

• चारेण: by the mean motion (of Jupiter)
• चारेण: करण (Instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (गुरोः मध्यमः चारः)

• षष्टि: sixty
• षष्टि: विशेषण (numerical qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षष्टि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषण (qualifying अब्दाः)

• अब्दाः: years
• अब्दाः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन

• प्रभव: Prabhava (etc.)
• प्रभव: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (compound member), बहुवचनार्थे समूह-निर्देश; समासपूर्वपद

• आदयः: beginning with Prabhava
• आदयः: विशेषण/सम्बन्ध (appositive descriptor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष/समाहार (प्रभव-आदयः = beginning with Prabhava)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Guru (Jupiter/Brihaspati)
• Prabhava (name of the first year in the 60-year cycle)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It grounds dharma and vrata practice in correct kāla (sacred time), showing that spiritual disciplines depend on accurate calendrical reckoning, especially the named year-cycles used in rites.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti practices like fasts, vows, and festival worship are performed on specific tithis and in specific samvatsaras; the verse supports devotion by defining the time framework in which Vishnu-oriented observances are correctly undertaken.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Jyotiṣa Vedāṅga: the computation of years and the 60-year samvatsara cycle based on Jupiter’s (Guru/Bṛhaspati’s) mean motion, with year-names starting from Prabhava.