Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 126

Jyotiṣa-saṅgraha: Varga-vibhāga, Bala-nirṇaya, Garbha-phala, Āyuḥ-gaṇanā

Devanagari script

स्पष्टास्तेंशाः खषट्त्र्यासा गुणयित्वा स्वकैर्गणैः । वर्षाणि शेषमर्कध्नं हारात्संमासकाः स्मृताः ॥ १२६ ॥

Transliteration

spaṣṭāsteṃśāḥ khaṣaṭtryāsā guṇayitvā svakairgaṇaiḥ | varṣāṇi śeṣamarkadhnaṃ hārātsaṃmāsakāḥ smṛtāḥ || 126 ||

Translation

بعد ضرب الأجزاء المبيَّنة بوضوح بعواملها الخاصة، فإن الباقي يعطي عدد السنين؛ وما يبقى باسم «arkadhna» (الباقي المعتمد على الشمس) يُفهم—بحسب المقسوم عليه (hāra)—على أنه عدد الشهور المعدودة.

Word by Word

• spaṣṭāḥ: clear; exact
• spaṣṭāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of aṃśāḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: spaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• te: those
• te: Karta (कर्ता) / determiner
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• aṃśāḥ: degrees/parts
• aṃśāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominal
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kha-ṣaṭ-tri-aṃśāḥ: (as) 63 degrees (0-6-3)
• kha-ṣaṭ-tri-aṃśāḥ: Apposition (समानाधिकरण) to aṃśāḥ
• Type: Noun
• Root: kha (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक=0) + ṣaṭ (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक=6) + tri (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक=3) + aṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); द्विगु: '0-6-3 degrees' (i.e., 63 aṃśas) as a technical numeral compound

• guṇayitvā: having multiplied
• guṇayitvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √guṇ (धातु) + ṇic + ktvā → guṇayitvā (कृदन्त)
• Form: Gerund/absolutive (क्त्वान्त), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)

• svakaiḥ: by their own
• svakaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of gaṇaiḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• gaṇaiḥ: by groups/sets (gaṇas)
• gaṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• varṣāṇi: years
• varṣāṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• śeṣam: remaining; remainder
• śeṣam: Karma (कर्म) (qualifier/object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• arka-dhnam: arkadhna (technical remainder/quantity)
• arka-dhnam: Karma (कर्म) (object in computation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arka (प्रातिपदिक) + dhna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'arka-dhna' (technical term; lit. 'Sun-related/struck by Sun')

• hārāt: from the divisor (hāra)
• hārāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• saṃ-māsakāḥ: months (māsakas) together/total months
• saṃ-māsakāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominal
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃ (उपसर्ग) + māsaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• smṛtāḥ: are said/are considered
• smṛtāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया) (passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √smṛ (धातु) + kta → smṛta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Past passive participle used predicatively (क्त-प्रत्यय), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara
• Surya

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that Narada Purana integrates Moksha-Dharma with disciplined Vedic sciences: precise reckoning of time (years/months) supports correct observance of dharma, vrata, and sacred timing, which in turn steadies spiritual practice.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by teaching correct time-calculation, it safeguards the proper performance of devotional observances (like fasts and worship on specific tithis/months). In the Purana’s framework, accurate ritual timing strengthens steady Vishnu-bhakti.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa (kalā-gaṇita): multiplying given parts by fixed factors, then using the remainder (śeṣa) and divisor (hāra) to derive years (varṣa) and computed months (saṃmāsa).