Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 11

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

लक्षणेत्थंभूतोऽभिरभागे चानुपरिप्रति । अंतरेषु सहार्थे च हीने ह्युपश्च कथ्यते ॥ ११ ॥

Transliteration

lakṣaṇetthaṃbhūto'bhirabhāge cānupariprati | aṃtareṣu sahārthe ca hīne hyupaśca kathyate || 11 ||

Translation

يُعلَّم الحرف السابق (upasarga) «upa» أنه يدلّ على معاني: العلامة والدلالة (lakṣaṇa)، و«كون الشيء على تلك الهيئة» (itthaṃbhūta)، و«نحو/قرب» (abhi)، و«جزء/نصيب» (bhāga)، وكذلك «اتباع/إحاطة/توجّه» (anu, pari, prati). ثم يُستعمل أيضًا بمعنى «بين/داخل» (antara)، وبمعنى «معًا مع» (saha)، وبمعنى «نقص/دونية» (hīna).

Word by Word

• लक्षणे: in the sense of a mark/indication
• लक्षणे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• इत्थंभूतः: being such / of such a state
• इत्थंभूतः: सम्बन्ध (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इत्थंभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (such-being/so characterized)

• अभिः: towards, over
• अभिः: सम्बन्ध (Prepositional particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (अव्यय/उपसर्ग-स्वरूप)
• Form: उपसर्ग/निपात-स्वरूप-अव्ययम्; ‘अभि’ (towards/over)

• अभागे: in absence of a share / in non-participation
• अभागे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘भाग’ (share/part) + नञ्

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• अनु: after, along
• अनु: सम्बन्ध (Prepositional particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: उपसर्ग-स्वरूप-अव्ययम् (after/following)

• परि: around
• परि: सम्बन्ध (Prepositional particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: उपसर्ग-स्वरूप-अव्ययम् (around)

• प्रति: towards, against
• प्रति: सम्बन्ध (Prepositional particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: उपसर्ग-स्वरूप-अव्ययम् (towards/against)

• अन्तरेषु: in between / among intervals
• अन्तरेषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• सह-अर्थे: in the sense of ‘with’
• सह-अर्थे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सह + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सहस्य अर्थः)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• हीने: in deficiency / when lacking
• हीने: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी, एकवचन; विशेषण (deficient/inferior)

• हि: indeed / for
• हि: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/हेतुवाचक-अव्ययम् (indeed/for)

• उप: near, towards
• उप: सम्बन्ध (Prepositional particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: उपसर्ग-स्वरूप-अव्ययम् (near/towards)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• कथ्यते: is said/expressed
• कथ्यते: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथ् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (passive)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that Moksha-oriented teaching in the Narada Purana is supported by Vedanga precision: correct understanding of small grammatical elements like ‘upa’ safeguards the meaning of scripture and mantra.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: Bhakti depends on hearing and reciting Vishnu-centered teachings correctly; Vyakarana clarifies how particles shift meaning, helping devotees preserve accurate scriptural sense in study and chanting.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar): the verse lists multiple semantic functions of the particle ‘upa’ (as an upasarga/indeclinable prefix/particle) used to interpret compounds, verbs, and contextual meanings in Vedic and Puranic Sanskrit.