Shloka 9

Adhyaya 55 — Description of Jambudvipa: The Four Forests, Lakes, and Mountain Ranges Around Mount Meru; Bharata as the Karma-Bhumi

Sanskrit

सुरक्षः शिशिराक्षश्च वैदूर्यः कपिलस्तथा । पिञ्जरोऽथ महाभद्रः सुरसः पिङ्गलो मधुः ॥

Transliteration

surakṣaḥ śiśirākṣaś ca vaidūryaḥ kapilas tathā | piñjaro ’tha mahābhadraḥ surasaḥ piṅgalo madhuḥ ||

Translation

سوركشا، شيشيراكشا، فايدوريا، وكابيلا؛ وبينجارا، مهابهَدرا، سوراسا، بينغالا، ومادهو—فهؤلاء (من بين الجبال) قد سُجِّلت أسماؤهم في الذِّكر.

Word by Word

• सुरक्षः: Surakṣa (name)
• सुरक्षः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• शिशिराक्षः: Śiśirākṣa (cool-eyed; name)
• शिशिराक्षः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिशिराक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः शिशिर + अक्ष (कर्मधारय)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• वैदूर्यः: Vaidūrya (cat’s-eye gem; name)
• वैदूर्यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कपिलः: Kapila (tawny; name)
• कपिलः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• पिञ्जरः: Piñjara (reddish-brown; name)
• पिञ्जरः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिञ्जर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अथ: then/next
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle; sequence marker)

• महाभद्रः: Mahābhadra (very auspicious; name)
• महाभद्रः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाभद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः महा + भद्र (कर्मधारय)

• सुरसः: Surasa (fragrant/pleasant; name)
• सुरसः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पिङ्गलः: Piṅgala (tawny; name)
• पिङ्गलः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिङ्गल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मधुः: Madhu (honey/sweet; name)
• मधुः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speakers

• Not within Devi Mahatmyam; cosmographic narration (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sacred Geography

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Auspicious naming (Mahābhadra, Madhu) frames the natural world as value-laden; the cosmos is perceived through dharmic aesthetics (śubha/maṅgala).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Cosmographic catalogue supporting the Purana’s account of the world’s form (sarga/pratisarga-related).

What is the esoteric significance?

Gem and color terms (Vaidūrya, Kapila, Piñjara) hint at elemental and subtle correspondences—mountains as crystallizations of tejas and pṛthvī principles.