Shloka 35

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

पूरयित्वा बुधो देहं प्रत्याहारमुपक्रमेत् । प्राणायामा दश द्वौ च धारणा साभिधीयते ॥

Transliteration

pūrayitvā budho dehaṃ pratyāhāram upakramet | prāṇāyāmā daśa dvau ca dhāraṇā sābhidhīyate ||

Translation

بعد أن يملأ الجسد، ينبغي للحكيم أن يبتدئ البراتياهارا. وهنا تُسمّى عشرة واثنتان (أي اثنتا عشرة) من تمارين البراناياما (prāṇāyāma) باسم «دهارانا» (dhāraṇā).

Word by Word

• पूरयित्वा: having filled
• पूरयित्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूरय् (धातु, causative of पूर्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having filled’

• बुधः: the wise one
• बुधः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘wise person’

• देहम्: the body
• देहम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रत्याहारम्: pratyāhāra (withdrawal)
• प्रत्याहारम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रत्याहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उपक्रमेत्: should begin
• उपक्रमेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• प्राणायामाः: breath-controls (prāṇāyāmas)
• प्राणायामाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राणायाम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; तत्पुरुष: प्राण + आयाम (‘extension/control of breath’)

• दश: ten
• दश: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral, indeclinable-like usage; here qualifying plural ‘प्राणायामाः’ = ‘ten’

• द्वौ: two
• द्वौ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual; numeral ‘two’ (additional)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• धारणा: concentration (dhāraṇā)
• धारणा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धारणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सा: that
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; demonstrative pronoun referring to ‘धारणा’

• अभिधीयते: is called
• अभिधीयते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + धा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present indicative), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular; passive sense ‘is called/said’

Speakers

• Father–son dialogue (specific names not provided in the input)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Prāṇāyāma
• Dhāraṇā
• Pratyāhāra sequencing

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Breath-discipline is treated as measurable and methodical; the ‘wise’ proceed by regulated steps rather than emotional striving.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Yoga praxis; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Equating a fixed set of prāṇāyāmas with ‘dhāraṇā’ reflects a tradition where holding/steadying prāṇa is itself concentration—suggesting prāṇa-stability and mind-stability are functionally one.