Shloka 42

Adhyaya 31 — Naimittika and Related Śrāddha Rites: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, Eligibility, Timing, and Procedure

Sanskrit

यवाम्भोभिस्तथा चार्घ्यं दत्त्वा वै वैश्वदेविकम् । गन्धमाल्याम्बुधूपञ्च दत्त्वा सम्यक् सदीपकम् ॥

Transliteration

yavāmbhobhīs tathā cārghyaṃ dattvā vai vaiśvadevikam / gandhamālyāmbudhūpañ ca dattvā samyak sadīpakam

Translation

وبتقديم «أرغيا» (arghya) من ماءٍ ممزوجٍ بالشعير (yava) يُقام طقس «ڤايشڤادِڤا» (Vaiśvadeva)؛ ثم بعد أن تُقدَّم على الوجه اللائق الروائحُ العطرةُ والأكاليلُ والماءُ والبخورُ وكذلك المصباحُ، يُمضى في الإجراء على وفق السنّة الطقسية.

Word by Word

• yava-ambhobhiḥ: with barley-water
• yava-ambhobhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yava (प्रातिपदिक) + ambhas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘with barley-water’

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)

• arghyam: arghya (honor-offering)
• arghyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arghya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having given’

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय)

• vaiśvadevikam: the Vaiśvadevika offering/rite
• vaiśvadevikam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaiśvadevika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• gandha-mālya-ambu-dhūpam: fragrance, garlands, water, and incense (as offerings)
• gandha-mālya-ambu-dhūpam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gandha (प्रातिपदिक) + mālya (प्रातिपदिक) + ambu (प्रातिपदिक) + dhūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); samāhāra-dvandva (समाहार-द्वन्द्व) ‘a set of fragrance, garlands, water, and incense’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having given’

• samyak: properly
• samyak: Sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samyak (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय) ‘properly, duly’

• sa-dīpakam: together with a lamp
• sa-dīpakam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (सह-प्रातिपदिक/उपसर्गवत्) + dīpaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); ‘together with a lamp’ (सहदीपकम्)

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Purāṇic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Viśve Devas / Devas (collective)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Vaiśvadeva
• Upacāras (offerings)
• Gṛhastha ritual

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Daily worship is made concrete through simple, repeatable acts (water, barley-water, lamp, incense). The verse grounds spirituality in disciplined household practice rather than rarefied speculation.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ritual-ācāra instruction; not one of the five narrative characteristics.

What is the esoteric significance?

The lamp (dīpa) signifies inner illumination; incense and fragrance suggest refinement of the subtle atmosphere; barley-water evokes nourishment and steadiness—offering the ‘sustaining principle’ to the cosmic order.