Shloka 40

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

अविकार्यक्षयं दिव्यं परिणामविवर्जितम् ।

तवैत्तत्परमं रूपं यन्न शक्यं मयोदितुम् ॥

Transliteration

avikārya-kṣayaṃ divyaṃ pariṇāma-vivarjitam | tavaitat paramaṃ rūpaṃ yan na śakyaṃ mayoditum ||

Translation

ثابتة لا تتبدل ولا تَبلى، إلهية ومنزّهة عن التحوّل—هذه هي صورتكِ العليا التي لا أستطيع أن أعبّر عنها بالكلمات.

Word by Word

• अविकार्य: unchangeable
• अविकार्य: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अविकार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; नञ्-युक्त: ‘not subject to change’

• अक्षयम्: imperishable
• अक्षयम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; नञ्-युक्त: ‘imperishable’

• दिव्यम्: divine
• दिव्यम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• परिणामविवर्जितम्: free from transformation
• परिणामविवर्जितम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परिणाम + विवर्जित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; समासः—परिणामस्य विवर्जितम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘devoid of transformation’)

• तव: your
• तव: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• परमम्: supreme
• परमम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• रूपम्: form; nature
• रूपम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• यत्: which
• यत्: Anvaya-sambandha (अन्वय-सम्बन्ध/relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation particle)

• शक्यम्: possible; able to be
• शक्यम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; कृदन्त-भाव: शक् (धातु) + यत् (potential/fit to)

• मया: by me
• मया: Karaṇa (करण/Agent-instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• उदितुम्: to utter; to state
• उदितुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Infinitive complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद् + वद् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive); धातु: वद् (to speak) उपसर्ग: उद्; अर्थः—‘to utter/say’

Speakers

• Hymn addressed to Devi

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devi (Mahadevi)

Shakti Aspects

• Devi as Nirvikāra Brahman (beyond change)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Apophatic theology
• Brahman
• Transcendence
• Ineffability

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The highest divinity is beyond conceptual capture; devotion matures into reverent silence and recognition of the limits of speech, even while hymns are offered.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Serves as theological foundation for 'Sarga/Pratisarga' by positing an unchanging absolute behind change; not itself a narrative lakṣaṇa passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse points to nirvikalpa contemplation: Devi’s ‘supreme form’ is not an image but the non-transforming reality, approached by withdrawing from discursive thought.