Shloka 8

Adhyaya 15 — Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

Sanskrit

कलायान् कलमान् मुद्गान् गोधूमानतसीस्तथा । शस्यान्यन्यानि वा हृत्वा मोहाज्जन्तुरचेतनः ॥

Transliteration

kalāyāna kalamān mudgān godhūmānatasīstathā / śasyānyanyāni vā hṛtvā mohājjanturacetanaḥ

Translation

مَن سرقَ البازلاءَ، أو الأرزَّ (الـpaddy)، أو الماشَ الأخضر، أو القمحَ، أو الكتّانَ (flax)، أو سائرَ المحاصيل—بدافعِ الوهم—صارَ مخلوقًا بليدَ الحسّ (وأمّا الصورةُ الحيوانيةُ المعيّنة فتُذكر في الآية التالية).

Word by Word

• कलायान्: peas
• कलायान्: कर्म (object; list item)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलाय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• कलमान्: rice shoots/seedlings (kalama)
• कलमान्: कर्म (object; list item)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• मुद्गान्: green gram
• मुद्गान्: कर्म (object; list item)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुद्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• गोधूमान्: wheat
• गोधूमान्: कर्म (object; list item)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोधूम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• अतसीः: flax/linseed plants
• अतसीः: कर्म (object; list item)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतसी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• तथा: likewise, also
• तथा: सम्बन्ध (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति/समुच्चय-अव्यय (adverb: likewise/also)

• शस्यानि: crops
• शस्यानि: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• अन्यानि: other
• अन्यानि: कर्म-विशेषण (object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying शस्यानि)

• वा: or
• वा: विकल्प (alternative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle: or)

• हृत्वा: having stolen
• हृत्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having stolen/taken away)

• मोहात्: from delusion
• मोहात्: हेतु (cause; from)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन

• जन्तुः: a creature/person
• जन्तुः: कर्ता (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अचेतनः: unconscious, senseless
• अचेतनः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अचेतन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying जन्तुः)

Speakers

• Not specified in input (didactic narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Theft of food/agricultural produce
• Moha (delusion)
• Karma-vipāka

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Food and agriculture are sacralized as the basis of life and hospitality; stealing them is portrayed as a delusion that dulls consciousness and leads to degraded rebirth.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/karma-vipāka instruction, ancillary to pancalakṣaṇa categories.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘loss of cetanā’ (discernment) is the inner meaning: repeated theft habituates the mind to grasping, which the text encodes as a fall into instinct-bound embodiment.