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Shloka 36

Draupadī’s Lament and the Question of Kṣatriya Forbearance (द्रौपद्याः शोकप्रलापः क्षमानिर्णयश्च)

मृदुर्भवत्यवज्ञातस्ती क्ष्णादुद्धिजते जन: । काले प्राप्ते द्वयं चैतद्‌ यो वेद स महीपति:,कोमलतापूर्ण बर्ताव करनेवालेकी सब लोग अवहेलना करते हैं और तीक्ष्ण स्वभाववाले पुरुषसे सबको उद्वेग प्राप्त होता है। जो उचित अवसर आनेपर इन दोनोंका प्रयोग करना जानता है, वही सफल भूपाल है

mṛdur bhavaty avajñātas tīkṣṇād uddvijate janaḥ | kāle prāpte dvayaṃ caitad yo veda sa mahīpatiḥ ||

الحاكمُ الذي لا يكون إلا ليّنًا يُستهان به، والرجلُ الشديدُ الطبع يُقلِق الناس ويُفزعهم. أمّا الملكُ الحقّ فهو من يعرف، إذا جاء أوانُه، كيف يجمع بين اللين والشدّة بقدرٍ سديد.

मृदुःgentle (man)
मृदुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अवज्ञातःdisregarded, slighted
अवज्ञातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवज्ञात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तीक्ष्णात्from a harsh (person/nature)
तीक्ष्णात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
उद्विजतेis agitated, is disturbed
उद्विजते:
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + द्विज्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Atmanepada
जनःpeople, the public
जनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालेat the time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्राप्तेwhen (the time) has come
प्राप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राप्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
द्वयम्the pair, both (of these)
द्वयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदknows
वेद:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महीपतिःking, lord of the earth
महीपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

प्रह्माद उवाच

प्रह्लाद (Prahlāda)
M
mahīpati (king)

Educational Q&A

Effective kingship requires balance: constant softness invites contempt, constant harshness breeds fear; wisdom lies in applying gentleness or severity according to time and circumstance.

Prahlāda is presenting a principle of rāja-dharma (royal conduct), advising that a successful ruler must discern the right moment to be mild and the right moment to be strict.