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Shloka 31

Adhyāya 208: Aṅgirasī-kanyāḥ

Enumeration of Aṅgiras’ daughters and attribute-names

राजानो हि स्वधर्मेण श्रियमिच्छन्ति भूयसीम्‌ । सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां त्राता राजा भवत्युत,राजालोग अपने धर्मका पालन करते हुए ही प्रचुर सम्पत्ति पानेकी इच्छा रखते हैं और राजा सभी वर्णोंका रक्षक होता है

rājāno hi svadharmeṇa śriyam icchanti bhūyasīm | sarveṣām eva varṇānāṁ trātā rājā bhavaty uta ||

إنّ الملوك، إذ يلتزمون بدَرْمَاهم الخاصة، يبتغون رخاءً أوفر؛ والملك حقًّا هو حامي جميع الفَرْنَات (الطبقات). والمقصود أنّ السلطان الملكي لا يَثبت له السند الأخلاقي إلا إذا مُورس على هيئة رعايةٍ وحراسة: بإقامة النظام وصون مصلحة كلّ فَرْنَة.

राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
स्वधर्मेणby (means of) one’s own duty
स्वधर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
श्रियम्prosperity/fortune
श्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इच्छन्तिdesire
इच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छ्)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
भूयसीम्greater/more abundant
भूयसीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभूयस्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular, Comparative
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वर्णानाम्of the social classes (varṇas)
वर्णानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
त्राताprotector
त्राता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
उतand also/further
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत

व्याध उवाच

राजा (the king)
वर्ण (the varṇas/social orders)

Educational Q&A

A king’s pursuit of prosperity is legitimate only through svadharma—righteous governance. The defining ethical role of kingship is protection: safeguarding all varṇas and maintaining social order.

The Vyādha (hunter-teacher) is instructing his listener on dharma, emphasizing the duties of rulers: kings seek wealth and success, but their true function is to act as the protector of the entire community.