Shloka 4

Dharma-vyādha on Parental Worship

Pitṛ-mātṛ-śuśrūṣā as Paramadaivata

Devanagari script

पुत्र: परिवृत: सर्वे: शूरैः परिघबाहुभि: । विसर्जयस्व मां ब्रह्मन्‌ न्यस्तशस्त्रो5स्मि साम्प्रतम्‌

Transliteration

putraḥ parivṛtaḥ sarvaiḥ śūraiḥ parighabāhubhiḥ | visarjayāsva māṃ brahman nyastaśastro ’smi sāmpratam ||

Translation

«أيها البراهمن، إن ابني مُحاطٌ من كل جانب بمحاربين أشدّاء ذوي أذرع كالهراوات. فخلِّ سبيلي؛ فقد وضعتُ سلاحي في هذه اللحظة.»

Word by Word

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परिवृतः: surrounded/encircled
• परिवृतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि√वृ (वृञ् आवरणे)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वैः: by all
• सर्वैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• शूरैः: by heroes/valiant men
• शूरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• परिघबाहुभिः: by those whose arms are like iron bars/maces
• परिघबाहुभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परिघबाहु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• विसर्जयस्व: release/let go (you)
• विसर्जयस्व: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि√सृज् (सृज् विसर्गे/त्यागे)
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Accusative, Singular

• ब्रह्मन्: O brahmin
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• न्यस्तशस्त्रः: having laid down weapons; disarmed
• न्यस्तशस्त्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: न्यस्तशस्त्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्मि: I am
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस्
• Form: Present, First, Singular, Parasmaipada

• साम्प्रतम्: now/at present
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साम्प्रतम्

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya (speaker)
• putra (son)
• śūrāḥ (warriors)
• śastra (weapons)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights restraint and ethical self-positioning in conflict: the speaker declares himself disarmed (nyastaśastra), implying a shift from aggression to appeal, and seeks release in a moment of danger involving his son.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya addresses a Brahmin, stating that his son is encircled by powerful warriors, and asks to be released, emphasizing that he has presently laid down his weapons.