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Shloka 28

Dambhodbhava, Nara-Nārāyaṇa, and the Counsel to Abandon Hubris

Udyoga-parva 94

संयुगे वै महाराज दृश्यते सुमहान्‌ क्षय: । क्षये चोभयतो राजन्‌ कं धर्ममनुपश्यसि,महाराज! युद्ध छिड़नेपर तो महान्‌ संहार ही दिखायी देता है। राजन! इस प्रकार दोनों पक्षका विनाश करानेमें आप कौन-सा धर्म देखते हैं?

saṁyuge vai mahārāja dṛśyate sumahān kṣayaḥ | kṣaye cobhayato rājan kaṁ dharmam anupaśyasi, mahārāja ||

قال فايشَمبايانا: «أيها الملك العظيم، في ساحة القتال لا يُرى إلا دمارٌ هائل. وإذا وقع الدمار على الجانبين معًا، يا أيها الملك—فأيُّ دارما تراها في أن تُفضي إلى هلاك الفريقين، أيها الملك العظيم؟»

संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दृश्यतेis seen/appears
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive/Impersonal (bhāva)
सुमहान्very great
सुमहान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षयःdestruction, loss
क्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षयेin destruction
क्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उभयतःon both sides
उभयतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउभयतः
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कंwhich (what)
कं:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुपश्यसिdo you perceive/see (as)
अनुपश्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√पश्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular, Active
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
Mahārāja (the king addressed)
R
Rājan (the king addressed)

Educational Q&A

The verse presses a moral challenge: if war predictably produces massive loss and mutual ruin, one must justify it by a clear vision of dharma; otherwise, the claim of righteousness is suspect.

Vaiśampāyana addresses the king, emphasizing that battle results in great slaughter and asking what righteous principle can be seen in causing destruction to both sides—framing the ethical tension surrounding the impending conflict.