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Shloka 7

अध्याय ३९: विदुरेण धृतराष्ट्राय नीत्युपदेशः

Timely Counsel, Association, and Kin-Duty

सुख चाहनेवालेको विद्या कहाँसे मिले? विद्या चाहनेवालेके लिये सुख नहीं है; सुखकी चाह हो तो विद्याको छोड़े और विद्या चाहे तो सुखका त्याग करे ।। नाग्निस्तृप्पति काष्ठानां नापगानां महोदधि: । नानतकः सर्वभूतानां न पुंसां वामलोचना,ईंधनसे आगकी, नदियोंसे समुद्रकी, समस्त प्राणियोंसे मृत्युकी और पुरुषोंसे कुलटा सत्रीकी कभी तृप्ति नहीं होती

sukhaṁ cāhanevāle ko vidyā kahāṁ se mile? vidyā cāhanevāle ke liye sukha nahīṁ hai; sukha kī cāha ho to vidyā ko chhoṛe aura vidyā cāhe to sukha kā tyāga kare. nāgnis tṛpyati kāṣṭhānāṁ nāpagānāṁ mahodadhiḥ | nāntakaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ na puṁsāṁ vāmalocanā ||

قال فيدورا: «من يشتَهِ الراحة لا ينال العلم حقًّا، ومن يشتَهِ العلم لا يستطيع التعلّق بالراحة. إن أردت اللذة فدع طلب المعرفة، وإن أردت المعرفة فازهد في اللذة. فالنار لا تشبع من الحطب، ولا المحيط العظيم من الأنهار؛ والموت لا يشبع من الأحياء، والمرأة الفاجرة لا تشبع من الرجال. وهكذا فإن الشهوة—إذا أُطلقت—تزداد، والحكمة لا تقوم إلا على الكفّ وضبط النفس.»

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
agniḥfire
agniḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootagni
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
tṛpyatiis satisfied
tṛpyati:
TypeVerb
Roottṛp
Formpresent indicative (laṭ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
kāṣṭhānāmof pieces of wood / fuel
kāṣṭhānām:
TypeNoun
Rootkāṣṭha
Formneuter, genitive, plural
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
apāgānāmof rivers
apāgānām:
TypeNoun
Rootapāgā
Formfeminine, genitive, plural
mahā-udadhiḥthe great ocean
mahā-udadhiḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootudadhi
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
antakaḥDeath (the ender)
antakaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootantaka
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
sarva-bhūtānāmof all beings
sarva-bhūtānām:
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta
Formneuter, genitive, plural
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
puṁsāmof men
puṁsām:
TypeNoun
Rootpuṁs
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
vāma-locanāa fickle/wayward-eyed woman
vāma-locanā:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootlocanā
Formfeminine, nominative, singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
A
Agni (fire)
M
Mahodadhi (ocean)
A
Antaka (Death)
A
Apagāḥ (rivers)

Educational Q&A

Vidura teaches that the pursuit of true learning requires giving up indulgent comfort, because desire is inherently insatiable. The metaphors (fire/fuel, ocean/rivers, death/living beings) illustrate that feeding craving only increases it; therefore one must choose discipline and restraint to attain wisdom.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers moral and political counsel during the tense pre-war negotiations. Here he delivers a compact piece of nīti (ethical instruction), warning that unchecked appetite—whether for pleasure, consumption, or sensuality—does not reach contentment, and urging a deliberate choice for knowledge and self-mastery.