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Shloka 80

Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38

सुवर्णस्य मल॑ रूप्यं रूप्यस्यापि मल त्रपु । ज्ञेयं त्रपुमलं सीसं सीसस्यापि मलं मलम्‌,सोनेका मल है चाँदी, चाँदीका मल है राँगा, राँगेका मल है सीसा और सीसेका भी मल है मैलापन

suvarṇasya malaṁ rūpyaṁ rūpyasyāpi malaṁ trapu | jñeyaṁ trapumalaṁ sīsaṁ sīsasyāpi malaṁ malam ||

قال فيدورا: «للذهب خبثُه—الفضة؛ وللفضة أيضًا خبثُها—القصدير. واعلموا أن خبث القصدير هو الرصاص؛ وحتى الرصاص له خبث—ليس إلا قذرًا محضًا». وبهذه السلسلة من «الشوائب» يشير إلى حقيقة أخلاقية: ما يبدو نفيسًا قد يكون في ذاته بقايا أدنى من شيء أرفع، والتعلّق بالقيمة الظاهرة دون تهذيب الباطن لا يورث إلا الانحدار إلى الدناءة.

सुवर्णस्यof gold
सुवर्णस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुवर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मलःimpurity/dross
मलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रूप्यम्silver
रूप्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
रूप्यस्यof silver
रूप्यस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरूप्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
मलःimpurity/dross
मलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रपुtin
त्रपु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रपु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञेयम्is to be known/should be understood
ज्ञेयम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञा
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
त्रपु-मलम्the impurity of tin
त्रपु-मलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रपु + मल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सीसम्lead
सीसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसीस
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सीसस्यof lead
सीसस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसीस
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
मलम्impurity/dross
मलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मलम्impurity/filth
मलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

S
suvarṇa (gold)
R
rūpya (silver)
T
trapu (tin)
S
sīsa (lead)
M
mala (dross/impurity)

Educational Q&A

Vidura uses metallurgy as an ethical metaphor: each ‘precious’ thing can be the dross of something higher, and the sequence ends in sheer filth. The lesson is to cultivate inner purity and discernment rather than chasing external value, because unchecked attachment and degradation lead from refinement to baseness.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers counsel (Vidura-nīti) amid rising tensions before the Kurukṣetra war. This verse is part of his moral instruction, using a vivid example to warn against decline in values and to urge clarity about what is truly worthy.