Shloka 12
हंस–साध्यसंवादः, वाक्-निग्रहः, महाकुल-लक्षणम्, शान्ति-उपायः
Hamsa–Sādhya Dialogue; Restraint of Speech; Marks of Noble Lineage; Means to Peace
विश्वस्तस्यैति यो दारान् यश्चापि गुरुतल्पग: । वृषलीपतिर्द्धिजो यश्व॒ पानपश्चैव भारत
viśvastasya eti yo dārān yaś cāpi gurutalpagaḥ | vṛṣalīpatir dvijo yaś ca pānapaś caiva bhārata ||
يقول فيدورا: «يا بهاراتا، من انتهك زوجة رجلٍ يثق به، ومن أتى فراش المعلّم (أي زنى بزوجة الغورو)، ومن كان من “ذوي الولادتين” (dvija) فاتّخذ امرأةً شُودرا (Śūdra) زوجًا، ومن شرب المُسكِرات—فأولئك يُعَدّون بمنزلة قاتلِ براهمن. ومخالطتهم تُعَدّ تلوّثًا أخلاقيًّا جسيمًا، وقد أوجبت الشريعة المقدّسة الكفّارة (prāyaścitta) عنه.»
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Vidura classifies certain betrayals and transgressions—especially violating a trusted man’s wife, adultery with the guru’s wife, improper marriage across prescribed norms for a dvija, and drinking intoxicants—as gravely destructive to dharma, comparable in severity to brahmahatyā, and warns that association with such acts/actors requires expiation.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura counsels the Kuru king (addressed as ‘Bhārata’, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra) on righteous conduct. This verse is part of his moral admonition, listing behaviors that dharma tradition treats as extremely serious offenses.