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Shloka 30

अश्वशिरो-आख्यानम्

Aśvaśiras / Hayaśiras Narrative: Retrieval of the Vedas

यत्‌ तत्‌ सूक्ष्ममविज्ञेयमव्यक्तमचलं ध्रुवम्‌ । इन्द्रियैरिन्द्रियार्थश्व सर्वभूतैश्न॒ वर्जितम्‌ ।।

yat tat sūkṣmam avijñeyam avyaktam acalaṃ dhruvam | indriyair indriyārthaiś ca sarvabhūtaiś ca varjitam || sa hy antarātmā bhūtānāṃ kṣetrajña iti ca kathyate | triguṇavyatirikto vai puruṣa iti kalpitaḥ ||

قال نارادا: إنّ تلك الحقيقة لطيفة، تتجاوز المعرفة المألوفة، غير متجلّية (أفياكتا)، غير متحرّكة وثابتة—متعالية على الحواسّ وموضوعاتها وعلى جميع الكائنات—ومع ذلك تقيم بوصفها الذات الباطنة لكل مخلوق. لذلك تُسمّى «عارف الحقل» (kṣetrajña). ولأنها فوق الغونات الثلاث تُتصوَّر أيضًا «بوروشا» (puruṣa). ويجعل هذا التعليمُ الحياةَ الأخلاقية قائمةً على التمييز: فالذات الحقّة ليست مركّب الجسد-الذهن المتبدّل، بل الشاهد الثابت وراء الصفات؛ والتحرّر في إدراك ذلك الفرق.

यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
सूक्ष्मम्subtle
सूक्ष्मम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अविज्ञेयम्unknowable
अविज्ञेयम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअविज्ञेय
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अव्यक्तम्unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अचलम्immovable
अचलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअचल
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
ध्रुवम्constant, fixed
ध्रुवम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
इन्द्रियैःby the senses
इन्द्रियैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
Formneuter, instrumental, plural
इन्द्रियार्थैःby the objects of the senses
इन्द्रियार्थैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रियार्थ
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वभूतैःby all beings
सर्वभूतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
Formneuter, instrumental, plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वर्जितम्devoid of, excluded from
वर्जितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्जित
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
सःhe/that (entity)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अन्तरात्माinner self
अन्तरात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरात्मन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भूतानाम्of beings
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
Formneuter, genitive, plural
क्षेत्रज्ञःknower of the field (kṣetrajña)
क्षेत्रज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
कथ्यतेis called
कथ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
Formpresent, passive, third, singular
त्रिगुणव्यतिरिक्तःbeyond the three guṇas
त्रिगुणव्यतिरिक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिगुणव्यतिरिक्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पुरुषःPuruṣa, person/spirit
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
कल्पितःis conceived/considered
कल्पितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकल्पित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
K
kṣetrajña
P
puruṣa
T
triguṇa
I
indriya

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the true Self is the subtle, unmanifest, unchanging reality beyond senses and all objects; as the indwelling witness it is called kṣetrajña, and because it transcends sattva-rajas-tamas it is termed puruṣa. Ethical and spiritual clarity arises from distinguishing this Self from the changing body-mind.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation and metaphysics, Nārada is explaining to his listener the nature of the highest principle: the inner Self of all beings, described through philosophical epithets (avyakta, dhruva, kṣetrajña, puruṣa) to guide contemplation and discernment.