Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 91

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

वक्ता श्रोता च वाक्‍्यं च यदा त्वविकलं नृप । सममेति विवक्षायां तदा सोअ्डर्थ: प्रकाशते,नरेश्वर! बोलनेकी इच्छा होनेपर जब वक्ता, श्रोता और वाक्य--तीनों अविकलभावसे सम-स्थितिमें आ जाते हैं, तब वक्ताका कहा हुआ अर्थ प्रकाशित होता है (श्रोताके समझमें आ जाता है)

vaktā śrotā ca vākyaṃ ca yadā tv avikalaṃ nṛpa | samam eti vivakṣāyāṃ tadā so 'rthaḥ prakāśate ||

قال بهيشما: «أيها الملك، إذا همَّ المرء بالكلام، وكان المتكلم والسامع والقول—هذه الثلاثة—سليمةً غير معيبة، واجتمعت في لحظة الإرادة على توازنٍ واحد، عندئذٍ ينكشف المعنى الذي قصده المتكلم، ويفهمه السامع فهمًا حقًّا.»

वक्ताspeaker
वक्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवक्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रोताlistener
श्रोता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रोतृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाक्यम्utterance/sentence
वाक्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
त्वyou (O ...)
त्व:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormVocative, Singular
अविकलम्unimpaired/complete
अविकलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअविकल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समम्equally/in harmony
समम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एतिgoes/comes/attains
एति:
TypeVerb
Root
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
विवक्षायाम्in the intention/desire to speak
विवक्षायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविवक्षा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सःthat/he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्थःmeaning/sense
अर्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रकाशतेbecomes manifest/is revealed
प्रकाशते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+काश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
नरेश्वरO lord of men (king)
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
nṛpa (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)

Educational Q&A

Meaning is successfully communicated only when three factors are sound and aligned: a competent speaker, a receptive and capable listener, and a well-formed statement. When these meet in balance at the moment of expression, the intended sense becomes clear rather than distorted.

In the Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) on principles of dharma and wise conduct. Here he highlights the conditions required for true understanding in discourse—an ethical and practical guideline for teaching, counsel, and governance.