Shloka 109
नारद–शुक संवादः
Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga
एतन्मया<5<प्तं जनकात् पुरस्तात् तेनापि चाप्तं नृप याज्ञवल्क्यात् । ज्ञानं विशिष्ट न तथा हि यज्ञा ज्ञानेन दुर्ग तरते न यज्ञै:
etan mayā prāptaṃ janakāt purastāt tenāpi cāptaṃ nṛpa yājñavalkyāt | jñānaṃ viśiṣṭaṃ na tathā hi yajñā jñānena durgaṃ tarate na yajñaiḥ yudhiṣṭhira ||
قال بهيشما: «إنَّ هذا التعليم قد نلته قديمًا من الملك جانَكا؛ وهو، أيها الملك، كان قد تلقّاه من الحكيم ياجْنَفَلْكْيا. إنَّ المعرفة هي الوسيلة الأسمى؛ ولا تُعادِلها القرابين والذبائح الطقسية. وبالمعرفة وحدها يُعبر المرءُ محيطَ الوجود الدنيوي العسير العبور—لا بالقرابين».
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma asserts the primacy of jñāna (spiritual knowledge) over yajña (ritual sacrifice): liberation from saṃsāra is achieved through insight and realization, not merely through ritual action, however meritorious.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīṣma cites a lineage of transmission—Yājñavalkya to King Janaka to himself—to authorize the teaching, then emphasizes that this inherited wisdom places knowledge above sacrificial rites as the means to cross the difficult worldly ocean.