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Shloka 44

अव्यक्त–पुरुष–विवेकः (Discrimination of Avyakta/Prakṛti and Puruṣa) — Yājñavalkya’s Anvīkṣikī to Viśvāvasu

पज्चविंशो<प्रकृत्यात्मा बुध्यमान इति स्मृत:ः । यदा तु बुध्यते55त्मानं तदा भवति केवल:

pañcaviṁśo ’prakṛtyātmā budhyamāna iti smṛtaḥ | yadā tu budhyate ’tmānaṁ tadā bhavati kevalaḥ ||

قال فاسيشثا: «إن المبدأ الخامس والعشرين—وهو الذات—يُذكَر بوصفه “العارف”، وليس من طبيعة البراكريتي (Prakṛti). ولكن حين يستيقظ حقًّا إلى ذاته، مُدركًا تمايزه التام عن البراكريتي، يصير “كِفَلا” (kevala)—قائمًا وحده في حقيقته الطاهرة، ثابتًا في الحالة المنزَّهة لبراهمان الأسمى».

पञ्चविंशःthe twenty-fifth (principle/entity)
पञ्चविंशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंश (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अप्रकृत्यात्माwhose nature is not Prakṛti; non-material in essence
अप्रकृत्यात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रकृत्यात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुध्यमानःbeing conscious/knowing; the knower
बुध्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootबुध् (धातु)
Formशानच् (वर्तमान कृदन्त, आत्मनेपद), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
स्मृतःis said/remembered (as)
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formक्त (भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
बुध्यतेunderstands/awakens to
बुध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध् (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
आत्मानम्the Self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
केवलःalone; pure; isolated (from Prakṛti)
केवलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकेवल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)
आत्मन् (Ātman/Self)
प्रकृति (Prakṛti)

Educational Q&A

The Ātman (Puruṣa), counted as the 25th principle, is not a product of Prakṛti. Liberation (kevalatva/kaivalya) arises when one directly realizes the Self as distinct from Prakṛti and abides in its own pure consciousness.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vasiṣṭha instructs on metaphysical discrimination: he defines the Self as the knowing principle beyond material nature and states that true realization culminates in ‘kevala’—the Self’s independent, purified establishment in Brahman.