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Shloka 90

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

कस्येह न व्यथेद्‌ बुद्धिर्मुत्योरपि जिघांसत: । साते न व्यथते बुद्धिरचला तत्त्वदर्शिनी,'दैत्यराज! मेरे हाथको वज्र एवं वरुणपाशसहित ऊपर उठा देखकर मारनेकी इच्छासे आयी हुई मृत्युका भी दिल दहल जाता है; फिर दूसरा कौन है जिसकी बुद्धि व्यथित न हो। तुम्हारी बुद्धि तत्वको जाननेवाली और स्थिर है; इसलिये तनिक भी विचलित नहीं होती है

kasyeha na vyathed buddhir mṛtyor api jighāṃsataḥ | sā te na vyathate buddhir acalā tattvadarśinī ||

قال بهيشما: «مَن ذا الذي لا يضطرب عقلُه هنا—حتى أمام الموت نفسه إذا أقبل يريد القتل؟ غير أنّ فَهْمَكَ لا يرتجف؛ فهو ثابتٌ، متجذّرٌ في رؤية الحق. لذلك تبقى غيرَ مُنزعِج.»

कस्यof whom/whose
कस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्यथेत्would be distressed/tremble
व्यथेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बुद्धिःmind/intellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मृत्योःof death
मृत्योः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
जिघांसतःof (one) desiring to kill
जिघांसतः:
TypeKridanta
Rootजिघांसत् (√हन्, desiderative)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
सात्वेin the steadfast/virtuous (one); in a sāttvika state
सात्वे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसात्व (सत्त्व)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्यथतेis distressed/trembles
व्यथते:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
बुद्धिःmind/intellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अचलाunshaken/steady
अचला:
TypeAdjective
Rootअचल
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तत्त्वदर्शिनीseeing the truth/knower of reality
तत्त्वदर्शिनी:
TypeAdjective
Rootतत्त्वदर्शिन्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Mṛtyu (Death)

Educational Q&A

True wisdom (tattva-darśana) produces steadiness of intellect: even the threat of death does not shake a mind grounded in reality and self-control.

Bhishma praises the listener’s composure, contrasting ordinary minds that would tremble even before death with a truth-seeing, unwavering intellect that remains undisturbed.