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Shloka 2

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

त्वं हि नः परमो वक्ता लोके5स्मिन्‌ भरतर्षभ । एतदू भवन्तं पृच्छामि तनमे त्वं वक्तुमहसि,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--भूपाल! जो मनुष्य बन्धु-बान्धवोंका अथवा राज्यका नाश हो जानेपर घोर संकटमें पड़ गया हो, उसके कल्याणका क्‍या उपाय है? भरतश्रेष्ठ! इस संसारमें आप ही हमारे लिये सबसे श्रेष्ठ वक्ता हैं; इसलिये यह बात आपसे ही पूछता हूँ। आप यह सब मुझे बतानेकी कृपा करें

tvam hi naḥ paramo vaktā loke 'smin bharatarṣabha | etad eva bhavantaṃ pṛcchāmi tan me tvaṃ vaktum arhasi ||

قال بهيشما: «إنك حقًّا لَأفصحُنا وأعظمُنا بيانًا في هذا العالم، يا فحلَ آلِ بهاراتا. فلذلك أسألك هذه المسألة بعينها؛ فأنت أهلٌ لأن تشرحها لي.»

त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
नःof us/our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
परमःsupreme/best
परमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वक्ताspeaker/expounder
वक्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवक्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
एतत्this (matter)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
indeed/also (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भवन्तम्you (honorific) (as object)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पृच्छामिI ask
पृच्छामि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormPresent, 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
तन्मेthat, to me
तन्मे:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् + अस्मद्
Formsandhi form; resolves to 'तत् मे'
तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me/for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
वक्तुम्to speak/tell
वक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormInfinitive (tumun)
अर्हसिyou are able/you ought
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Bharatarshabha (epithet; contextually Yudhishthira)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dharmic method of learning: recognizing a qualified authority and approaching them with respectful inquiry. Ethical guidance is sought from one deemed ‘foremost’ in wisdom and speech.

In the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, Bhishma addresses Yudhishthira (as ‘bharatarṣabha’) and frames a question by acknowledging him as the best expounder, requesting him to explain the matter at hand.