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Shloka 16

Gautama–Yama Saṃvāda: Mātṛ-Pitṛ-Ṛṇa (Debt to Parents) and Śubha-Loka Attainment

कि नु ज्यायस्तरं लोके महत्त्वात्‌ प्रतिभाति वः । एतदिच्छामि तत्त्वेन श्रीतुं किमिह दुर्लभम्‌,“आप महान्‌ सौभाग्यशाली तपस्वी हैं; इसलिये मैं आपसे अपने मनका संदेह पूछता हूँ। एक ओर आशावान्‌ पुरुष हो और दूसरी ओर अनन्त आकाश हो तो जगत्‌में महत्ताकी दृष्टिसे आपलोगोंको कौन बड़ा जान पड़ता है? मैं इस बातको तत्त्वसे सुनना चाहता हूँ। भला, यहाँ आकर कौन-सी वस्तु दुर्लभ रहेगी?

ki nu jyāyastaraṃ loke mahattvāt pratibhāti vaḥ | etad icchāmi tattvena śrotuṃ kim iha durlabham ||

قال بهيشما: «أخبروني: ما الذي يبدو أعظمَ في هذا العالم إذا حُكِم عليه بمقياس العظمة الحقّة؟ أريد أن أسمع الحقيقة. إن كان في جانبٍ رجلٌ تسنده الآمال، وفي الجانب الآخر السماءُ التي لا حدّ لها، فأيُّهما تعدّونه أعظم؟ وقد جئتُ إليكم، أيها الحكماءُ الميمونون أهلُ الزهد، فما الذي يبقى عسيرَ المنال—وخاصةً جلاءُ هذا الشك؟»

किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
ज्यायस्तरम्greater
ज्यायस्तरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootज्यायस्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular, comparative
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
Formmasculine, locative, singular
महत्त्वात्by/with respect to greatness
महत्त्वात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहत्त्व
Formneuter, ablative, singular
प्रतिभातिappears/seems
प्रतिभाति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-भा
Formpresent indicative (lat), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
वःto you / of you
वः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formdative/genitive, plural
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
इच्छामिI wish/desire
इच्छामि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
Formpresent indicative (lat), 1st, singular, parasmaipada
तत्त्वेनin truth / truly
तत्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
श्रोतुम्to hear
श्रोतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formtumun (infinitive)
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
दुर्लभम्hard to obtain/rare
दुर्लभम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्लभ
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (Bhīṣma)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical-philosophical inquiry into what constitutes true 'greatness' (mahattva): is vastness and external magnitude (the infinite sky) greater, or the inner human capacity sustained by hope and aspiration? Bhishma seeks a principled, reality-based answer (tattvena), emphasizing discernment rather than mere appearance.

In the Shanti Parva’s reflective setting, Bhishma addresses revered ascetics/sages and poses a doubt he wants resolved. He asks them to judge, by the standard of greatness, between an ‘hopeful man’ and the ‘endless sky,’ indicating his reliance on their tapas-backed insight to settle a subtle question.