Shloka 44

उत्पातदर्शनम् — Portents and Kāla among the Vṛṣṇis

Devanagari script

साम्बं च निहतं दृष्टवा चारुदेष्णं च माधव:

Transliteration

sāmbaṁ ca nihataṁ dṛṣṭvā cārudeṣṇaṁ ca mādhavaḥ

Translation

قال فايشَمبايانا: لمّا رأى سامبا صريعاً، ورأى أيضاً تشاروديشنا ساقطة، أبصر ماذافا (كريشنا) خرابَ عشيرته هو—عاقبةً تُبيّن أنّ حتى الأقوياء لا يقدرون على دفع نضج القضاء حين يُنتهك الدارما وتُهجر كوابح النفس.

Word by Word

• साम्बम्: Sāmba (proper name)
• साम्बम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: साम्ब
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• निहतम्: slain, killed
• निहतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-हन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)

• चारुदेष्णम्: Cārudeṣṇa (proper name)
• चारुदेष्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चारुदेष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• माधवः: Mādhava (Krishna)
• माधवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sāmba
• Cārudeṣṇa
• Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)
• Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the moral gravity of adharma and loss of self-restraint: when wrongdoing and arrogance mature into consequences, even divine or heroic power does not negate the fruition of karma; it must be endured.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Mausala Parva’s account of the Yādavas’ destruction, Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava) sees that Sāmba and Cārudeṣṇa have been killed, marking the irreversible collapse of his clan.