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Shloka 453

कर्णस्य दानप्रतिज्ञा–शल्योपदेश–वाक्ययुद्धम्

Karna’s Gift-Vows, Shalya’s Counsel, and the Battle of Words

उभयो: सेनयोरवरिव्याकुलं समपद्यत | महाराज! सामने आये हुए अपने और शत्रुपक्षके योद्धाओंको भी अपने ही पक्षके लोग मार डालते थे। दोनों सेनाओंके वीर मर्यादाशून्य युद्धमें प्रवृत्त हो गये थे

ubhayor senayor arivyākulaṃ samapadyata | mahārāja! sāmane āye hue apane aura śatru-pakṣake yoddhāoṃ ko bhī apane hī pakṣake loga mār ḍālate the | donoṃ senāoṃ ke vīra maryādāśūnya yuddha meṃ pravṛtta ho gaye the |

قال سنجيا: يا أيها الملك، إن الجيشين كليهما وقعا في اضطرابٍ بالغ وسط زحمة الأعداء وضغطهم. وفي تلك الفوضى كان المحاربون، وإن وقفوا واضحين أمام الأعين—من أهلهم أو من خصومهم—يُصرَعون بأيدي رجالهم. وهكذا اندفع أبطال الفريقين إلى قتالٍ بلا قانون، إذ انهارت القيود وضاعت الحدود المعروفة للسلوك.

उभयोःof both
उभयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
Form—, Genitive, Dual
सेनयोःof the two armies
सेनयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Genitive, Dual
अरिव्याकुलम्confused due to enemies (enemy-confounded)
अरिव्याकुलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअरिव्याकुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समपद्यतbecame / came to be
समपद्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पद्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Mahārāja)
T
the two armies (Pāṇḍava and Kaurava forces)

Educational Q&A

When warfare loses maryādā (recognized limits and discipline), even one’s own side becomes indistinguishable in the fog of rage and confusion; the collapse of ethical restraint turns battle into indiscriminate destruction.

Sanjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that both armies have become wildly disordered; in the mêlée, combatants are being killed even by their own men, and the fighting has shifted into a ruleless, unrestrained phase.