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Shloka 40

Śalya’s Objection to Sārathya and Duryodhana’s Conciliation (शल्यमन्यु-प्रशमनम् / Sārathyāṅgīkāra)

अथास्य तं रथं दिव्यं तिलशो व्यधमच्छरै: । पताकां चक्ररक्षांश्ष॒ गदां खड्गं च मारिष

athāsya taṁ rathaṁ divyaṁ tilaśo vyadhamac charaiḥ | patākāṁ cakrarakṣāṁś ca gadāṁ khaḍgaṁ ca māriṣa

قال سنجيا: ثم إنه مزّق تلك العربة البهيّة، كأنها سماوية، إلى شظايا بسهامه؛ وأسقط رايتها وحماة عجلاتها، وكذلك الدبوس (الگَدَا) والسيف—يا كريم. وتُبرز الآية دقّة المهارة القتالية القاسية، إذ تُدمَّر حتى الشارات الموقّرة وأدوات السلاح على نحوٍ منهجي، لتذكّر السامع بأن البأس في الحرب كثيرًا ما يطغى على رموز الشرف والحماية.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अस्यof him/this (his)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
तम्that
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
दिव्यम्divine, splendid
दिव्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
तिलशःinto pieces, bit by bit
तिलशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतिलशस्
व्यधमत्he shattered/smashed
व्यधमत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootध्मा
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
पताकाम्banner, flag
पताकाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपताका
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
चक्ररक्षान्wheel-guards (protectors of the wheels)
चक्ररक्षान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचक्ररक्ष
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
गदाम्mace
गदाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
खड्गम्sword
खड्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मारिषO sir! (term of address)
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
ratha (divine chariot)
Ś
śara (arrows)
P
patākā (banner/standard)
C
cakra-rakṣā (wheel-guards)
G
gadā (mace)
K
khaḍga (sword)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in the harsh ethics of battlefield duty, effectiveness and precision can eclipse outward symbols of grandeur—divine chariots, banners, and weapons are still subject to destruction. It points to the fragility of status and protection when confronted by determined martial prowess.

Sañjaya reports that a warrior (implied by context) attacks an opponent’s splendid chariot with arrows, breaking it into pieces and striking down its banner, wheel-guards, and even the mace and sword—depicting a decisive disabling of the enemy’s mobility, protection, and armament.