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Shloka 4

Bhagadatta’s Advance, the Saṃśaptaka Challenge, and Arjuna’s Counterstrike (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय २६)

स नाग इव नागेन गोवृषेणेव गोवृष: । समाहूत: स्वयं राज्ञा नागानीकमुपाद्रवत्‌,जैसे हाथीसे हाथी और साँड़से साँड़ भिड़ जाता है, उसी प्रकार राजा दुर्योधनके ललकारनेपर भीमसेन स्वयं ही हाथियोंकी सेनापर टूट पड़े

sa nāga iva nāgena govṛṣeṇeva govṛṣaḥ | samāhūtaḥ svayaṃ rājñā nāgānīkam upādravat ||

قال سانجيا: كما يهجم الفيل على الفيل، وكما يلاقي الثورُ الثورَ في القتال، كذلك اندفع بهيماسينا—وقد تحدّاه الملك بنفسه—مباشرةً نحو فيلق الفيلة.

सःhe (Bhimasena)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नागःan elephant
नागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
नागेनby/with an elephant
नागेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
गोवृषेणby/with a bull (lit. cow-bull)
गोवृषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगोवृष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
गोवृषःa bull
गोवृषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोवृष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाहूतःhaving been challenged/called
समाहूतः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ह्वा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नागानीकम्the elephant-corps/elephant-army
नागानीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनाग + अनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपाद्रवत्rushed upon/attacked
उपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-द्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
the king (Duryodhana)
B
Bhīmasena
E
elephants (nāga)
E
elephant-corps (nāgānīka)
B
bulls (govṛṣa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the martial ethic of directness and courage: when openly challenged, a warrior responds without hesitation, meeting strength with strength. It also reflects the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between personal prowess and the larger, often tragic machinery of war.

Sañjaya describes Bhīmasena being personally challenged by the king (understood as Duryodhana) and then charging into the enemy’s elephant-division, likened to an elephant colliding with an elephant or a bull with a bull.