Shloka 74

Devanagari script

एते हाहाकृता: सर्वे प्रगृुहीतशरासना: । वीरं द्रौणायनिं वीरा: सर्वतः पर्यवारयन्‌

Transliteration

ete hāhākṛtāḥ sarve pragṛhītaśarāsanāḥ | vīraṃ drauṇāyaniṃ vīrāḥ sarvataḥ paryavārayan |

Translation

قال سانجيا: «إن أولئك المحاربين جميعًا، وهم يطلقون صيحات الفزع، وقد أمسكوا الأقواس والسهام مُعَدَّةً في أيديهم، أحاطوا بالبطل ابنِ درونا من كل جانب.»

Word by Word

एतेthese

हाहाकृताःcrying 'hā hā' / lamenting

सर्वेall

प्रगृहीतseized/held

शरासनाःbowmen (lit. those with bows)

वीरम्the hero

द्रौणायनिम्Drauṇāyani (son of Droṇa, i.e., Aśvatthāman)

वीराःheroes/warriors

सर्वतःon all sides / from every direction

पर्यवारयन्surrounded/encircled

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Drauṇāyani (Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa)

warriors (vīrāḥ)

bows and arrows (śarāsana)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the psychological truth of war: even great warriors can be driven to alarm and tumult, yet they still act according to their martial role—readying weapons and forming a coordinated encirclement. It implicitly contrasts inner agitation (hāhā-kṛta) with outward discipline (weapons held ready).

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the assembled fighters, shouting in alarm, grasp their bows and arrows and surround Drauṇāyani (Aśvatthāmā) from all directions, indicating a tactical move to contain or overwhelm him.